The map is based off Stellar Cartography 2nd Edition which was in turn based off the Star Charts book from 2003, and then the shows art team added some new planets created for the new shows.
The problem is Stellar Cartography is set in 2381 I believe. So it has planets the Federation hasn't even discovered yet in 2260.
I remember a map screen in Discovery Season 1 showing "The Path of the USS Enterprise-A", which represented the ship going to the galactic core in Final Frontier, it was there because it was in 'Star Charts', the art team just copied the maps.