There are many themes from Mass Effect in Picard season 1.
Elements from Mass Effect in Discovery are mostly stylistic.
Extra-galactic AIs (Lovecraftian / Eldritch robotic tentacle AIs) that travel through a special anomaly/portal to the galaxy to wipe out all advanced organic live. Narrative climax: Destruction of the means to establish a portal.
Vision of extra-galactic AIs that wipe out all advanced organic live: Vision Prothean Beacon - Admonition
The visions of extra-galactic AIs that wipe out all advanced organic live can't be interpreted correctly and the protagonists need to find a way to fix that: Cipher - Vulcan/Android mind meld
The Admonition voice over uses basically the same talking points as the Catalyst in Mass Effect.
The Admonition voice over even sounded the same as the Catalyst kid in Mass Effect.
"Synthetics" / "Synths" instead of "Android" or "Artificial lifeforms".
Overview / Summary:
Visual "inspiration" from Mass Effect Picard:
Visual "inspirations" from Mass Effect in Discovery:
Visual "inspirations" from other IPs in Discovery:
I forgot to mention "The Three-Body Problem"/"Remembrance of Earth's Past": "Sophons" - "Fractal neuronic cloning"