A
Amaris
Guest
This. Starships are essentially flying cities, with everything needed to sustain long journeys away from civilizations. Where a small colony can't manufacture a vaccine, a call in to Starfleet, and a Constitution class ship can drop off all you need with a tip of the hat and be on their way.Antarctica is a desert.
Who's to say they didn't have a doctor? Maybe the doctor is the one who put the call in to Starfleet. This wouldn't be the first colony in Star Trek to get a vaccine shipment via Starfleet.