I think people are getting hung up on the English meaning of particular words used rather than applying the correct legal test, which is to apply the meaning that would be conveyed to an objective observer in possession of the relevant background knowledge i.e. what is actually seen in the episodes and what is scientifically possible when compared to both real and established Trek physics.
Pauln6:
Hung up on the english language? A good majority of things we learn from Star Trek is from what is said. I mean, why so little regard for the english language used on the show?
Oh, and you can't say that it is the writers fault either. All six series and the films are canon. Even the flaws. You either believe the universe as it was presented to us, or you don't (including those silly little words spoken by the characters, too).
The issue is that when 'molecules in your body are converted into energy' they lose the properties that they used to have as matter and gain new properties as energy in much the same way that radium gradually turns into lead as its sub-atomic particles leak off as energy. We can't change the total amount of matter & energy we have to work with either (unless it's added in from an external source). So the person can't be matter and energy at the same time unless the total matter and energy is equal to the total matter you had to start with, in which case SOME of the matter must be losing its properties. Aren't these fundamental laws of physics?
Throw your physics book out the window. We are talking about a fictional device that was created mostly by a bunch of writers and not scientists. If Star Trek says that the transporter phases you into marsh-mellow fluff and kitten hair balls during transport. Then we have to find a way to make sense of it or just leave it as an unsolvable physics puzzle. Plus, you can theorize about the scientific possibilities within Trek all you like. Doesn't mean your right. Many physicists and scientists have been proven wrong (scientifically) repeatedly thru out history. I mean, at one point: many people didn't think man could fly. However, that is a thing of the past, now. Where you see obstacles, I see challenges to push my imagination further.
If 'dematerilisation' means that the matter is phased into another dimension and replaced with energy displaced from that dimension then that's fine; the same person is 'rematerialised' when they snap back into our dimension and the transport is akin to being in temporary stasis. This is NOT how transporting has been described even in Realm of Fear and the phased matter in that episode seems to contradict what we are being told about how transporters work so that is very unhelpful.
I was looking at the script for "Realm of Fear" more closely and it actually doesn't contradict the copy machine transporter theory. It states that Reg was simply suspended (in the matter stream) right at the point where he was going to lose molecular cohesion. During this suspension he was in a primarily phased energy state that was half matter and half energy. The episodes that directly contradict the transporter copy machine theory is TOS's Savage Curtain, ENT's Daedalus, DS9's Our Man Bashir, and DS9's Field of Fire.
If transportees are completely converted to energy then the 'person' is no longer alive. Their DNA doesn't exist any more and their memories, if they can exist in some kind of energy lattice at all, are just copies of the persons memories in the same way that cutting and pasting information from one PC to another is just making a copy on the second computer or a person downloading their memories into a robot body is just making a copy. The scientific data regarding DNA and memory encoding wasn't available to the writers when the fundamentals of the transporter were created so it isn't surprising that they thought the human mind was some kind of floating thing that is just resting in our brain case rather than the result of a mixture of chemical and bio-electrical processes.
But that is just a false assumption on your part. We know from the series that in over 200 years the transporter does not kill you when it converts you into energy. Sure it may not make sense to you. But you have to find a way to use your imagination to explain the unexplainable. Personally, I don't have a problem with someone (and their kinetic energy) existing briefly as living energy during transport.
During rematerialisation the matter is rebuilt using the scanned pattern as a template. This is no more the original than if one had re-downloaded the data back onto the original computer from the second computer. You could indeed end up with two indentical copies if you use additional resources and different locations on the same computer as per Tom Riker.
But who is to say that the energy state a person experiences during transport is not just a new brief living phased state of being? Sure you may not be conscious. But that doesn't mean you are not alive as living energy for the brief time that you are transporting. Also, who is to say that your body is a copy. Who is to say that the re-materialization process is just a set of instructions to help your phased energy state come back to the physical world?
Well, the problem is not in the fact that the transporter doesn't work as a car ride theory (as shown to us on Trek). The problem is that you have a hard time trying to apply your real world physics to a fictional device.
The rematerialised being isn't really the original person any more unless you ascribe to the unproven, unscientific, and never mentioned concept that a transportee's 'soul' actively retains cohesion even if the physical properties of the body are destroyed. If we're applying evidence from the background that we see, this makes no scientific sense and is never mentioned. It may be the simplest way to explain some of the apocryphal transporter episodes where people remain 'alive' in the transporter for long periods, akin to being in stasis, but the same argument remains even then, that they are copies or 'approximations' of the original in some kind of alternative state. Cloning, copying, and Tuvix also lead to unexplained and unexplainable situations as far as the 'soul theory' is concerned.
It's still not cloning because for all we know... your body could just be in phased state and your transporter pattern is just the set of instructions to bring you back out of phase (re-materialization).
I like both the phasing and reconstruction theories but there is far more evidence to support the destroy and rebuild theory. Scienticifically the rematerialised person is a copy.
Not according to Star Trek it isn't.