The Federation of this era (Picard spoilers)In the case of Jankom Pog... he was on a Tellarite sleeper ship... so its possible that sleeper ship PREDATES the Federation.
Also, I think Starfleet would have responded either way.
Mainly because there are Alpha Quadrant species on Tars Lamora, some of which have joined the Federation... and even if the kids don't know about the Federation, the Federation would see them as oppressed individuals, and UFP memer worlds from which the kids originated from may have wanted Starfleet to intervene.
let Riker's son die when they could have just harvested B4 for a synth-generated cure. They let the son of the hero who saved the Fed from the Borg die over rigid adherence to a synth ban