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Space Colonization Options (Orbiting Stations, planets/moons)

I don't think we'll ever have much on Mars, but lots of space stations built with lunar materials was a big part of Gerard K O'Neil's vision he summed up on High Frontier. NASA ran with it in their own study which i think his findings influence. There was a nasa published book called something like "Space based settlements" .. wish I could remember. It was a gorgeous book. Unfortunately the findings depended on rapid shuttle flights that never ended up being possible.


For All Mankind, for all its attempts at hard SF, depends on an unrealistic yield from nuclear thermal rockets and a magic plasma drive that doesn't exist

unlese both space x and blue origin sents there astronaunts to mars lol
 
There is Phobos and Demos, which are basically really big asteroids and could be useful. So maybe being AROUND Mars is useful.

I agree they would be useful as staging points.

However, they would be small for asteroids - being only of the order of ten to twenty kilometres across. Ceres, the largest asteroid, is just under a thousand kilometres in diameter.

If you add up the mass of all the asteroids, including Ceres, in the solar system, it comes to only 4% of the mass of the Moon. The Moon itself is only 1.25% the mass of the Earth, so the asteroids total one two-thousandth of the Earth's mass.

Not very impressive, although I suppose any useful elements would be easier to access.
 
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I agree they would be useful as staging points.

However, they would be snall for asteroids - being only of the order of ten to twenty kilometres across. Ceres, the largest asteroid, is just under a thousand kilometres in diameter.

If you add up the mass of all the asteroids, including Ceres, in the solar system, it comes to only 4% of the mass of the Moon. The Moon itself is only 1.25% the mass of the Earth, so the asteroids total one two-thousandth of the Earth's mass.

Not very impressive, although I suppose any useful elements would be easier to access.
Right. A rocky world like Earth is mostly iron. We've been doing perfectly fine with the iron that we just scratch the surface to get. Civilization could and did run on mostly bog-iron before that. But the rarer metals should be easier to get in the asteroids and you dont' need that many, comparatively.
 
Asteroids are also an easier way to get at the building materials for space habitats, even those with low iron content can be used to make the radiation shielding etc.
Automate the whole thing by using mining robots/drones and you can do it all from Earth and move into a habitat when it's done.
 
Most O'Neill cylinder drawings show his initial idea of equal parts land/water area and vast windows with truly gigantic reflecting mirrors. I know some have proposed eliminating that glass and mirros and using large fiberoptics to bring light in. It increases surface area, removes some of the visual disorientation of seeing the earth and moon tumble around slowly, and probably simplifies construction and maintenance as well as increased rad-shielding.
Dandridge Cole envisioned something along these lines.

Note that the lake has a cylindrical configuration.

I think these images may have inspired the novel Rendezvous With Rama, by Arthur C. Clarke.
 
maybe but I don't see what the economic case for Mars is. It's far away, doesn't have earth gravity, going there is realistically a one-way trip for most.

“Mars, the focus of so many hopeful dreams, might be bypassed. It will see its research centers for geology and other studies, but it appears to have few resources which cannot be had elsewhere. Even if it did, its gravity would make it costly to lift them out. Its atmosphere is just thick enough to prevent the use of a mass-driver. Yet the atmosphere is too thin to screen the solar ultraviolet or permit the use of aircraft for transportation. Mars of the great volcanoes, Mars of the deserts, of the frosty nights and the whistling winds in the canyons—if it is to be colonized, it will be done as an afterthought in the history of the human reach into space. It may remain a vast dry land, far from the major centers of commerce or population, thinly populated and of interest mainly to the people that live there. Mars may be the Australia of future centuries.” - “Colonies in Space” by Thomas A. Heppenheimer (Stackpole Books, 1977)
 
“Mars, the focus of so many hopeful dreams, might be bypassed. It will see its research centers for geology and other studies, but it appears to have few resources which cannot be had elsewhere. Even if it did, its gravity would make it costly to lift them out. Its atmosphere is just thick enough to prevent the use of a mass-driver. Yet the atmosphere is too thin to screen the solar ultraviolet or permit the use of aircraft for transportation. Mars of the great volcanoes, Mars of the deserts, of the frosty nights and the whistling winds in the canyons—if it is to be colonized, it will be done as an afterthought in the history of the human reach into space. It may remain a vast dry land, far from the major centers of commerce or population, thinly populated and of interest mainly to the people that live there. Mars may be the Australia of future centuries.” - “Colonies in Space” by Thomas A. Heppenheimer (Stackpole Books, 1977)
I love that book. Was very formative to me as a child.
 
“Mars, the focus of so many hopeful dreams, might be bypassed. It will see its research centers for geology and other studies, but it appears to have few resources which cannot be had elsewhere. Even if it did, its gravity would make it costly to lift them out. Its atmosphere is just thick enough to prevent the use of a mass-driver. Yet the atmosphere is too thin to screen the solar ultraviolet or permit the use of aircraft for transportation. Mars of the great volcanoes, Mars of the deserts, of the frosty nights and the whistling winds in the canyons—if it is to be colonized, it will be done as an afterthought in the history of the human reach into space. It may remain a vast dry land, far from the major centers of commerce or population, thinly populated and of interest mainly to the people that live there. Mars may be the Australia of future centuries.” - “Colonies in Space” by Thomas A. Heppenheimer (Stackpole Books, 1977)
If Mars is Australia, perhaps we should send all the criminals there - Musk included. What Heppenheimer doesn't mention in that quotation is the possibility of terraforming. Of course, that makes mass drivers even less practicable, but not everyone wants those. A thicker atmosphere would make delivery of resources from the asteroids much easier. Colonising Ceres would be easier, but would we really try to spin it up just to live in a claustrophobia inducing maze of twisty passages and cell-like rooms without windows onto a real plantary vista? Space habitats are doable, but, for any given individual, the existential risk of living on one is perhaps several orders of magnitude higher than living down a gravity well.
 
If Mars is Australia, perhaps we should send all the criminals there - Musk included. What Heppenheimer doesn't mention in that quotation is the possibility of terraforming. Of course, that makes mass drivers even less practicable, but not everyone wants those. A thicker atmosphere would make delivery of resources from the asteroids much easier. Colonising Ceres would be easier, but would we really try to spin it up just to live in a claustrophobia inducing maze of twisty passages and cell-like rooms without windows onto a real plantary vista? Space habitats are doable, but, for any given individual, the existential risk of living on one is perhaps several orders of magnitude higher than living down a gravity well.
Living in a space habitat: no violent local weather, you can maneuver away from deadly comets and meteors. Pandemic in the rest of the solar system? Lock all hatches. solar storms are a problem, but you're also more likely to have your infrastructure properly built withstand them. You do have to really pay attention to maintenance. It won't be a culture that can allow itself to go into decline just because one really large generation is aging out and doesn't give a shit about the next ones.
 
Living in a space habitat: no violent local weather, you can maneuver away from deadly comets and meteors. Pandemic in the rest of the solar system? Lock all hatches. solar storms are a problem, but you're also more likely to have your infrastructure properly built withstand them. You do have to really pay attention to maintenance. It won't be a culture that can allow itself to go into decline just because one really large generation is aging out and doesn't give a shit about the next ones.
Well, we won't know until we try it. I suspect humans will just bring their old problems along with them.
 
I've always assumed that you don't stop building new habitats, as soon you move into one you're already starting to build the next one and improve on everything as much you can, as for bringing old flaws into it, I assume that after a few generations it will have sunk in that if you make a mess you will die a horrible death in a unforgiving environment, with that in the back of your head you probably will make sure that old problems will be less a problem.
Also, a habitat is of course much smaller than a planet so more manageble I assume, easier to educate people etc.
 
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I do hope robots advance to where they can harvest methane on Titan and ship it back towards the inner solar system over deep time. Methalox demands Titan exploration.
 
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