T'Pring's log at the beginning mentioned that the rehab facility was for Vulcans without logic who had comitted other crimes, up to and including murder. So just abandoning logic was not enough for inprisonment, you had to do something criminal.
I assume there are other facilities for Vulcans who commit crimes while still embracing logic (or their interpretation of it); Vulcans similar to Valeris or the Vulcan terrorist in TNG Gambit played by Robin Curtis, but they keep them seperate from the Sense Offenders (to borrow a term from the movie Equilibrium, where you are executed for not taking a drug that supresses your emotions) so as not to poison their already corrupted minds with illogic, believing they are easier to rehab and rejoin society.
I imagine the trade-off for getting out of prison is that you have to fully embrace logic and purge all emotions, so in a way it is sort of a dystopia in that there's forced compliance with the dominant philosophy.
That's why Sybok is still rotting away in his cell. He won't comply and accept the way of Kohlinar.
there is no connection whatsoever to jesus or any other real religion.