Well, to be fair, not many would automatically connect an American-sounding lab technician with a high-ranking admiral with a British accent, just based on the last name...
I guess the point is that Gary Mitchell would. He'd be the one making the connection in every sense of the word, after all. In vectoring in Carol Marcus, he wouldn't be vectoring in her lab tech self but her Admiral's daughter self, even if those selves cohabited a body, Charlie Blackwood style. And Kirk couldn't remain ignorant of the fact - this walking stack of books would not engage in relations contrary to the Field Manual, and indeed would take care not to.
The lightning storm stuff could be simple
...Captain Robau's team considered it unprecedented, and in the end, Spock seemed to concur that it was a good fingerprint for the
Narada phenomenon. Any other skipper might ignore it, but this is Pike, the one (if not quite only) expert - and we're supposed to think he's flying a hammer designed specifically for this particular nail?
they were more concerned with the size and offensive capabilities while having little read outs on the travel systems or how they got here
Yet for 25 years, the threat did not materialize. Escalating against it would make no sense, then - especially if there was no way to predict when/if it would reappear. Surely Starfleet would be facing threats of other sorts and customizing its response against those? Which indeed seems to be what happened, since the new fleet is even less of a match for the
Narada than the
Kelvin was!
I still really like this explanation for the technological differences though, so I'm biased. But it really fixes the Prime/Kelvin universe stuff.
I guess that's my real beef with this: what differences? The Kelvinverse doesn't impress me with its weapon or shielding capabilities (and any 'verse would be hard pressed to, because big guns blocked by strong shields would look identical to little guns blocked by weak shields whereas the performance of all guns against all shieldless targets seems constant across the 'verses, that is, utterly devastating). The ships are big, but they were that even before the
Narada came, and remain so in the DSC 2250s.
So a rationalization for differences is not high on my list of priorities when I just can't see much in the way of differences. Doesn't mean the rationalization would be invalid or uninteresting, though.
Timo Saloniemi