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TOS Chronology

Maybe Teller was a nickname?
Off duty, Angela was the ship's fortune teller, she could frequently be found in the main crew lounge telling fortunes using tarot cards and reading palms.
But a month later she's flirting with Rodriguez?
In addition to being the ship's fortune teller, Angela was also the ship's slut.
so it is possible that they had some sort of gravity drive instead of rockets.
Or ion engines. Low acceleration with ultimate high speed, also relatively small fuel tanks.
KHAN: I remember a voice. Did I hear it say I had been sleeping for two centuries?
MCCOY: That is correct.
Here McCoy is not saying the Khan had been sleeping for two centuries, McCoy is confirming that this is what Khan heard.
According to Spock a group of those young supermen seized power simultaneously in over forty nations.
Given world events in the 1960's, to the viewing audience this would have sounded like a reasonable possibility.

So apparently the Enterprise was headed from star system A to Star system B when it encountered the Botany Bay, and is now headed to a new destination, Starbase Twelve in star system C.
Or the Enterprise was originally heading to starbase twelve, and were continuing on it's previous course. If the Enterprise was heading to starbase twelve for a reason, picking up Khan wouldn't have changed that reason.
artificial gravity
The Botany Bay had artificial gravity, either on it's own or from the Enterprise. I don't think special boots wore by the officers could account for what we were seeing.

The Mars probe seen in a Voyager episode didn't have AG, so maybe nation that built the Botany Bay had AG technology, but decades later the nation(s) that built the Mars Probe didn't. Cochrane's warpship in FC (I think) didn't have AG.
one third SS
What is "SS" please?
SPOCK: World War.
MCCOY: Eugenics Wars
Apparently there is some controversy about whether Spock and McCoy agree that the last world war on Earth was also called the Eugenics wars
I believe Spock was wrong on a Earth historical fact (hardly the first time) and McCoy was correcting him.

It would be like Spock wrongly referring to the American Revolutionary War and McCoy correcting him that it was the Peloponnesian War.
SPOCK: It could hardly be an Earth ship. There have been no flights into this sector for years.
So there have been no Earth and/or Federation voyages into this little traveled sector for years.
I believe from the dialog it specifically wouldn't have been a Earth flights. Other species could have been using that sector like a rush hour freeway.
 
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Here McCoy is not saying the Khan had been sleeping for two centuries, McCoy is confirming that this is what Khan heard.
True, but Kirk does explicitly say later that Khan has "two hundred years of catching up to do". Even if Khan had experienced time dilation on the BB and only slept for 2 centuries in his time frame, Kirk here is specifically referencing the number of centuries that Khan is out of sync with - and that apparently is 2 centuries as well.

If the Enterprise was heading to starbase twelve for a reason, picking up Khan wouldn't have changed that reason.The Botany Bay had artificial gravity, either on it's own or from the Enterprise. I don't think special boots wore by the officers could account for what we were seeing.

The Mars probe seen in a Voyager episode didn't have AG, so maybe nation that built the Botany Bay had AG technology, but decades later the nation(s) that built the Mars Probe didn't. Cochrane's warpship in FC (I think) didn't have AG.What is "SS" please?I believe Spock was wrong on a Earth historical fact (hardly the first time) and McCoy was correcting him.
There was also AG in the cryopod vehicle seen in TNG's The Neutral Zone which dated from the 1990s
 
Kirk does explicitly say later that Khan has "two hundred years of catching up to do".
Rounding off for convenience? Easier than repeatedly saying "two hundred and sixty-nine years." Assuming Kirk even knows the exact number.

We know the year Khan was thrown from power, but when did the Botany Bay actually launch? Years after possibly?
 
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Rounding off for convenience? Easier than repeatedly saying "two hundred and sixty-nine years." Assuming Kirk even knows the exact number.

We know the year Khan was thrown from power, but when did the Botany Bay actually launch? Years after possibly?
WE know from TWOK:
KHAN: ...the Enterprise picked up the Botany Bay, lost in space in the year nineteen hundred and ninety-six, myself and the ship's company in cryogenic freeze?
It's possible, but unusual for someone to round off 270 years to 200. 300 would be more common
 
Or it wasn't important enough for Kirk to care?

Kirk told Cochrane that "we" are on a thousand planets. Personally I wouldn't hold Kirk to that figure, at that moment in time, being exactly 1000.00 planets.
 
In broadcast order "A taste of Armageddon" is the 23rd episode of TOS, broadcast on February 23 1967.

Captain's log, stardate 3192.1. The Enterprise is en route to star cluster NGC 321. Objective, to open diplomatic relations with the civilisations known to be there. We have sent a message to Eminiar Seven, principal planet of the star cluster, informing them of our friendly intentions. We are awaiting an answer.

Kirk actually says "star cluster NGC three twenty one". That could be NGC 3-20-1 or 3201, but is most likely NGC 321.

In the New General Catalog of nebulas - at that time "nebula" was a general term including all sorts of actual nebulas in our galaxy, as well as open or galactic star clusters in our galaxy, globular star clusters in our galaxy, and external galaxies, etc. - NGC 321 was actually later discovered to be an external galaxy.

NGC 321 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus.

It was discovered on September 27, 1864, by the astronomer Albert Marth.

It was the location of the planet Eminiar VII in the original series Star Trek episode "A Taste of Armageddon" (where it was incorrectly identified as a star cluster).

So far I haven't been able to find any distance figure for NGC 321, so I guess that it is at least tens of millions of light years away. Since it was discovered as early as 1864, it is probably not very faint and thus distant, so tens or hundreds of millions of light years may be sufficiently far.

NGC 3201 is a lot closer.

NGC 3201 (also known as Caldwell 79) is a low galactic latitude globular cluster in the southern constellation of Vela. It has a very low central concentration of stars.[9] This cluster was discovered by James Dunlop on May 28, 1826 and listed it in his 1827 catalogue. He described it as "a pretty large pretty bright round nebula, 4′ or 5′ diameter, very gradually condensed towards the centre, easily resolved into stars; the figure is rather irregular, and the stars are considerably scattered on the south".[10]

The radial velocity of this cluster is unusually high at 490 km/s, larger than any other cluster known. This corresponds to a peculiar velocity of 240 km/s. While high, this is lower than the escape velocity of the Milky Way galaxy.[10] It is located at a distance of 16,300 light years from the Sun and has an estimated 254,000 times the mass of the Sun.[3] This cluster is about 10.24 billion years old.[7]

The stellar population of this cluster is inhomogeneous, varying with distance from the core. The effective temperature of the stars shows an increase with greater distance, with the redder and cooler stars tending to be located closer to the core. As of 2010, is one of only two clusters (including Messier 4) that shows a definite inhomogeneous population.[11]

Most globular star clusters are outside the galactic disc, so they would probably have to cross the galactic barrier to reach NGC 3201. If it took less than one year for the Enterprise to reach NGC 3201 at a distance of 16,300 light years, the average speed would be over 16,300 times the sped of light. Thus if Voyager or other TNG era ships could travel at least 16,300 times the speed of light, it would take them only 4.29 years to travel 70,000 light years, 4.9 years to travel 80,000 light years, and 5.52 years to travel 90,000 light years, instead of the many decades estimated to travel those distances in TNG "The Price", DS9, and VOY.

One guess is that explorers found some sort of space warp which led from the region near Earth to NGC 3201 bypassing the distance of 16,300 light years, or to NGC 321, bypassing the tens or hudnreds of millions of light year to NGC 321.

Another option is that NGC 321 in "A Taste of Armageddon" is what is called a galactic star cluster or an open star cluster, much smaller than a globular star cluster and inside the disc of the galaxy.

An open cluster is a group of up to a few thousand stars that were formed from the same giant molecular cloud and have roughly the same age. More than 1,100 open clusters have been discovered within the Milky Way Galaxy, and many more are thought to exist.[1]

There are over 1,000 known open clusters in our galaxy, but the true total may be up to ten times higher than that.[38] In spiral galaxies, open clusters are largely found in the spiral arms where gas densities are highest and so most star formation occurs, and clusters usually disperse before they have had time to travel beyond their spiral arm. Open clusters are strongly concentrated close to the galactic plane, with a scale height in our galaxy of about 180 light years, compared to a galactic radius of approximately 50,000 light years.[39]

So my best guess is that star cluster NGC 321 is an open star cluster, one comparitively new to Earth and already lnown oby other names and catalog numbers, but in the erao of TOS known by its number in a cataloge that hasn't been created yet. NGC could stand of New Galactographical Compendiu, or Nordstrom's General Catalog, or Nakamura's Galactic Clusters, or the Neville-Gunderson-Chang catalog, or something.

When they received code 7-10 from Eminiar VII, Ambassador Fox orders Kirk to proceed there immediately.

FOX: Captain, in the past twenty years, thousands of lives have been lost in this quadrant. Lives that could have been saved if the Federation had a treaty port here. We mean to have that port and I'm here to get it.

So apparently Federation ships often travel through the quadrant of space, however large a TOS era quadrant might be, that contains star cluster 321, and apparently enough of those ships have met disasters than thousands of lives among their passengers and crew have died, which could have been prevented in unexplained ways if the Federation had a treaty port in star cluster NGC 321.

Captain's log, stardate 3192.5. Now in standard orbit around planet Eminiar Seven. My orders are clear. We must establish diplomatic relations at all cost. Preparing to beam down to planet surface.
.

SPOCK: We know very little about them. Their civilisation is advanced. They've had space flight for several centuries, but they've never ventured beyond their own solar system. When first contacted more than fifty years ago, Eminiar Seven was at war with its nearest neighbour.
KIRK: Anything else?
SPOCK: The Earth expedition making the report failed to return from its mission. The USS Valiant. Listed as missing in space.

Kirk beams down with a landing party and is met by Mea 3, who leads them to the room of Anan 7 and the high council

Anan 7 says that they can't welcome the Earthlings because they are at war.

ANAN: Because of the war.
KIRK: You're still at war?
ANAN: We have been at war for five hundred years.
KIRK: You conceal it very well. Mister Spock?
SPOCK: Sir, we have completely scanned your planet. We find it highly advanced, prosperous in a material sense, comfortable for your people, and peaceful in the extreme. Yet you say you are at war. There is no evidence of this.
ANAN: Casualties among our civilian population total from one to three million dead each year from direct enemy attack. That is one reason, Captain, why we told you to stay away. As long as your ship is orbiting our planet, it is in severe danger.
SPOCK: With whom are you at war?
ANAN: The third planet in our system, called Vendikar. Originally settled by our people and now a ruthless enemy. Highly advanced technologically.

If Eminiar VIII has been at war with Eminiar III or Vendikar for "five hundred years", possibly for 400 to 600 years, and if Vendikar was advanced enough to make war with Eminar III at the star of the war, it should have taken centuries to become that powerful after first being colonized.It is very easy to believe that Eminiar VII has had manned interplanetary flight for a thousand years.

If there are one to three million civilian casualties on Eminiar VII per year,for 400 to 600 years, that adds up to four hundred million to one billion, eight hundred million total casualties on Eminiar VII, not counting those on Vendikar. Casualties are not the same thing as fatalities, and Anan 7 never explains whether some of the casualties are merely wounded..

Much later in the episode:

KIRK: Did I, Mister Spock? They've been killing three million people a year. It had been going on for five hundred years. An actual attack wouldn't have killed any more people than one of their computer attacks, but it would have ended their ability to make war. The fighting would have been over permanently.

Kirk seems to have estimated that the average number of deaths on Eminiar VII was half way between one million and three million, and thus one and a half million per year, and then multiplied it by two, assuming the number of deaths on Vendikar was the same as on Eminiar VII, to get a total presumably of one billion, five hundred million total deaths so far.

In another scene:

ANAN: Don't you understand, Captain? We have done away with all that. Now you are threatening to bring it down on us again. Are those five hundred people of yours more important than the hundreds of millions of innocent people on Eminiar and Vendikar? What kind of monster are you?

So the total population of Eminiar and Vendikar should be somewhere between 100,000,000 and 1,000,000,000 persons. If the average age at death in those advanced societies is somewhere between 50 and 100, and their populations are static, the total deaths by natural causes would between 1,000,000 and 20,000,000 persons, most of them old persons.

If Kirk destroyed civilization on those two planets, their populations would plummet. And the survivors would live primitive backwards lives, with no modern medicine and withutmodern life expectancy. Up until about one or two hundred years ago, the majority of all humans who were born died in early childhood, before they were more than a few years old, many decades younger than the majority of people in modern advanced societies died. Tens of thousands of little childrenwould die every year, for century after century, millennia after millennia, for tens or hundreds of thousands of years until and unless civilzation was rebuilt.

KIRK: Mea, if this is an attack, may I ask what weapons the enemy is using?
MEA: Fusion bombs, materialised by the enemy over their targets.
KIRK: Kirk to Bridge. Scotty?
SCOTT [OC]: Scott here, Captain.
KIRK: Scanners operative on the planet's surface?
SCOTT [OC]: Of course, sir. As per orders.
KIRK: Anything unusual?
SCOTT [OC]: Nothing, sir. All quiet.
KIRK: Thank you. Kirk out.

How about telling Mr. Scott that the Eminiarians report that planet Vendikar or Eminiar III is attacking Eminiar VIII with fusion bombs materialized over their targets, and to turn on the shields, move away from Eminiar VII, and try to contact Vendikar and explain that they are not involved in the war? How about telling Scott that Anan 7 said that they were in danger as long as they orbited Eminiar VIII?

SAR: Look, Anan. (another flare on another screen)
ANAN: Yes, I see it. They were warned.
SAR: Just as it happened fifty years ago.
ANAN: Alert a security detachment. They may be needed.

So the USS Valiant was destroyed at Eminiar VII.

Anan says:

ANAN: This is no game, Captain. Half a million people have just been killed. Activate the attack units, Sar.

SPOCK: Computers, Captain. They fight their war with computers. Totally.
ANAN: Yes, of course.
KIRK: Computer don't kill a half million people.
ANAN: Deaths have been registered. Of course they have twenty four hours to report.
KIRK: To report?
ANAN: To our disintegration machines. You must understand, Captain, we have been at war for five hundred years. Under ordinary conditions, no civilisation could withstand that. But we have reached a solution.

There are 1,440 minutes in 24 hours. If an Eminian disintegration machine takes one minute to disintierate someone on average, it would take 69.44 disintegration machines to disintegrate 100,000 people in 24 hours. And people seem to have been arriving at disintegration machines quite irregularly so it doesn't look like the disintegration machines are used at full capacity.

ANAN: Good. Then you will recall I warned you not to come here. You chose to ignore my warning. I'm sorry, but it's happened.
KIRK: What has happened?
ANAN: Once your ship was in orbit about our planet, it became a legitimate target. It has been classified destroyed by a tricobalt satellite explosion. All persons aboard your ship have twenty four hours to report to our disintegration machines. In order to ensure their co-operation, I have ordered you, Captain, and your party held in custody until they surrender. If possible, we shall spare your ship, Captain, but its passengers and crew are already dead.

Anan 7 didn't warn Kirk very well. He could have sent a message to Kirk saying that Eminiar 7 was at war with another planet and any ship that assumed orbit around Eminiar VII would be a legitimate target for the enemy to attack and destroy.

CAPTAINS LOG: Captain's log, delayed. The Enterprise, in orbit about Eminiar Seven, has been declared a casualty of an incredible war fought by computers. I and my landing party, though apparently not included as casualties aboard the Enterprise, are confined on the planet's surface, awaiting what?

Mea 7 later tells Kirk:

MEA: I'm afraid mine does, Captain. I too have been declared a casualty. I must report to a disintegrator by noon tomorrow.

So the attack should have been about noon of that day.

MEA: It's been our way for almost five hundred years. Is there anything I can bring you?

So that implies that the computerized part of the war has going on for about 450 to 500 years.

Anan 7 tries to lure the crew down to the surface with a false message from Kirk. Spock uses telepathic influence to lure a guard into the Room. They search the city., see people step into a disintegration machine, and stop Mea 3 from entering. Is it already noon next day, or was she going to her death long before the deadline? They destroy the disintegration machine.

Anan 7 orders the planetary disruptor banks to fire on the Enterprise at full power.

Ship's log, stardate 3193.0. Chief Engineer Scott recording. The Captain and First Officer are overdue and missing on the surface of Eminiar Seven. I have taken standard precautionary measures while we continue our attempts to locate them.

The ship's shields are up and they withstand the attack from Eminiar VII. Ambassador Fox orders no retaliation and tells Uhura to contact Eminiar VII.

Ship's log, stardate 3193.0. Chief Engineer Scott recording. The Captain and First Officer are overdue and missing on the surface of Eminiar Seven. I have taken standard precautionary measures while we continue our attempts to locate them.

In their hiding place, Mea 3 says:

MEA: Captain, you've got to let me go. My time is almost up.

So almost but not quite 24 hours have passed between stardate 3192.5, shortly before those 24 hours began, and an unknown length of time after stardate 3193.0. Thus a period of 0.5 stardate units must be less than 24 hours long, and there must be less than 48 hours in a stardate unit. .

ANAN: Time is running out. We have been unable to destroy the Earth ship. One of our disintegration chambers has been eliminated and we have already fallen far behind in our quota. This is a grave crisis and I am at a loss to know how to proceed.

So the destruction of one disintegration chamber causes them to fall far behind on their quota of 500,000?

Anan tells Ambassdor Fox the attack was a mistake, and invites him down to the planet, then orders the planetary disruptor banks to destroy the Enterprise the moment it lowers its shields. Mr. Scott refuses to lower the shields.

Kirk visits Anan 7 but is captured. Ambassador Fox and and aide beam down, are welcomed by Anan 7, and then seized.

Spock calls the ship and says that if anyone beams down they will be killed. Scott says Fox beamed down 2 minutes earlier. Spock orders Scott to take the Enterprise to extreme phaser range and await further orders. I wonder why Spock didn't order Scott to try to open diplomatic negotiations with the Vendikar government.

Spock rescues Ambassador Fox & his aide from disintegration chamber in the nick of time and destroys it..

Anan 7 calls the Enterprise.

KIRK: Scotty, General Order Twenty Four. Two hours! In two hours!

ANAN: Unless you immediately start transportation of all personnel aboard your ship to the surface, the hostages will be killed. You have thirty minutes. I mean it, Captain.
KIRK: All that it means is that I won't be around for the destruction. You heard me give General Order Twenty Four. That means in two hours the Enterprise will destroy Eminiar Seven.
ANAN: Planetary defence System, open fire on the Enterprise!
SECURITY [OC]: I'm sorry, Councilman. The target has moved out of range.

SAR: Councilman, I received a message from Vendikar. Our time is nearly up. Our quota is short by several thousand. They accuse us of reneging on the treaty.
ANAN: You see? It's started.
KIRK: You're wrong. It hasn't begun.
SECURITY [OC]: Councilman, Disintegrator station eleven has been destroyed. Guard positions in tunnels eight and ten fail to answer. Earth party reported seen in corridor 4A.

So this should be nearly 24 hours after the attack. Were people really being killed by disintegrator station twelve fast enough to kill thousands in only 24 hours? Mr. Scott calls, abut 15 minutes after Anan 7 called the ship.

SCOTT: Open a channel, Lieutenant. This is the commander of the USS Enterprise.

[Council Room]

SCOTT [OC]: All cities and installations on Eminiar Seven have been located, identified, and fed into our fire-control system. In one hour and forty five minutes

[Bridge]

SCOTT: The entire inhabited surface of your planet will be destroyed.

[Council Room]

SCOTT: You have that long to surrender your hostages.

I think that this is all the chronological information in the episode.
 
If Eminiar VIII has been at war with Eminiar III or Vendikar for "five hundred years", possibly for 400 to 600 years, and if Vendikar was advanced enough to make war with Eminar III at the star of the war, it should have taken centuries to become that powerful after first being colonized.It is very easy to believe that Eminiar VII has had manned interplanetary flight for a thousand years.
It appears that both Eminiar Seven and Vendikar have stagnated in their real weaponry and technology, and possibly totally abandoned space flight. Their current level of technology seems to be slightly below the current level of the Federation based on planetary weaponry (phasers out range their low orbit "disruptor banks") and no city defensive shields (as seen on Federation penal facilities), but perhaps better in transporter technology at one time. Maybe the disruptor banks are a point defense system to destroy incoming ships and missiles in orbit. When their transporter technology evolved to out range the disruptor banks, then they negotiated their treaty. My head cannon: Eminiar Seven and Vendikar fake-beam fake-tricobalt fusion bombs directly between planets to destroy targets either over cities or into orbit (no ship or missile delivery systems are mentioned). They only attack each other periodically when in direct line-of-sight planetary alignments. With Vendikar being the third planet and I assume closer to the sun than Eminiar Seven (I assume on the seventh planet), then they rotate around the sun to be in direct sight (beaming line-of-sight) up to several times per year. Also, I assume beaming cannot pass though solid planets and moons, so, they can only attack surface targets facing the attacking planet, so, they have to coordinate their attacks for the optimum alignment. Both planets have agreed upon a limited number of attacks per cycle. This may be based on some perceived power generating capability by each planet to conduct interplanetary beaming. Because beaming is the limiting factor, they need to get the biggest bang for the buck, so, they use fake-tricobalt fusion bombs in their attacks rather than use smaller hydrogen fusion bombs. For example, in the episode, only two attacks occurred, one over the capital city and one against the Enterprise.
 
This is a shorter version of my post # 8.

I note that I made some additions to my post number one on May 4, 2020.

In my original post I wrote:





In "Bread and Circuses" Spock gives the fatalities in Earth's world wars.



And the death tolls for Word War One and World War Two are much smaller than the actual death figures for those wars. Therefore it is logical to deduce that the fatality rates in the first and second would wars were lower by millions of deaths in the alternate universe of TOS than in our universe.

And in "The city on the Edge of Forever":



In our history, the first atomic bombs weighed several tons each. The V-2 had a payload capacity of only one ton. The V-2 had a range of only 200 miles, not the intercontinental range necessary to conquer or destroy the world. So I deduce that in the alternate universe of TOS, time travelers and/or aliens went back in time to Nazi Germany in the early 1930s and taught the Nazis that they needed atomic bombs carried by ICBMs to conquer the world, and started a program to design light enough atomic bombs, and powerful enough rockets, to create ICBMs with nuclear warheads. But fortunately the USA entered the war early enough without Keeler's peace movement to defeat Nazi Germany in time, and with many millions fewer deaths than in our timeline.

As for TMP, as far as I can tell there is no evidence whether it happens in the same alternate universe as the movies from WOK to TUC.



There are a lot more reasons than that for considering star Trek to be in an alternate universe.

This is a shorter version of my post # 8.
Spock is being inaccurate here, to make the point. V2 didn't have the capacity to carry an a-bomb, but the enhanced rockets Von Braun was developing were pretty close.
 
In broadcast order "This Side of Paradise", broadcast on 2 March 1967, was the 24th episode of TOS.

The Enterprise approaches Omicron Ceti III. Since Omicron Ceti is also called Mira, the planet could be called Mira III.

KIRK: Mister Spock, there were one hundred and fifty men, women, and children in that colony. What are the chances of survivors?
SPOCK: Absolutely none, Captain. Berthold rays are such a recent discovery. We do not yet have full knowledge of their nature. It is known, however, that living animal tissue disintegrates under exposure. Sandoval's group could not have survived after three years.
KIRK: Are you saying that those people built a future in a place knowing they might not survive?
SPOCK: I am saying they knew there was a risk.
KIRK: And what about us? Can we afford to send people to the planet's surface?
SPOCK: The breakdown of tissue does not develop immediately. We can risk a limited exposure.

So this implies that possibly Bertold rays were discovered, and detected coming from Omicron Ceti III before teh Sandoval group left Earth. In which case I think that the parents in the group were rather evil to risk the lives of their children there. Or possibly Berthold rays weren't discovered yet when the Sandoval group left, but previous explorers or colonists had died on Omicron Ceti III.

Spock says that SAndoval's group were on Omicron Ceti III for three years.

The landing party beams down to a farm like settlement.

KIRK: Another dream that failed. There's nothing sadder. It took these people a year to make the trip from Earth. They came all that way and died.
ELIAS: Hardly that, sir. Welcome to Omicron Ceti Three. I'm Elias Sandoval.

Captain's log, stardate 3417.3. We thought our mission to Omicron Ceti Three would be an unhappy one. We had expected to find no survivors of the agricultural colony there. Apparently, our information was incorrect.

Numerous episodes suggest that warp factors should be much faster than the official TOS warp scale. But Kirk's statement that it took a year for the colonists to reach Omicron Ceti III from Earth puts a limit to how much faster TOS warp factors could be than the official numbers.Assume that Kirk would have said the trip took one year if it took between 0.5 and 2.0 years.

In the official scale, warp factor one 1 is 1 times the speed of light, or c, warp 2 is 8 c, warp 3 is 27 c, warp 4 is 64 c, warp 5 is 125 c, and warp 6, the fastest normal speed of the Enterprise, is 216 c.

The distance to Mira is uncertain; pre-Hipparcos estimates centered on 220 light-years;[17] while Hipparcos data from the 2007 reduction suggest a distance of 299 light-years, with a margin of error of 11%.[2]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mira

Assuming that Mira is between 200 and 330 light years from Earth, and that the voyage lasted sometime between 0.5 and 2.0 years, the average speed during the voyage would appear to be between 100 c and 660 c. 100 c would be 0.46 of warp 6 to 100 times warp 1, while 660 c would be 3 times warp 6 to 660 times warp 1.

If the colonists were on Omicron ceti III for 3 years, and spent a year travelling there, they must have left Earth about 4 years earlier.

SPOCK: Captain, this planet is being bombarded by Berthold rays, as our reports indicated. At this intensity, we'll be safe for a week if necessary. But

And:

SPOCK: There's also no question of the fact that Berthold rays are incontrovertibly deadly. There's no miracle connected with it, Doctor, you know that. No cures, no serums, no antidotes. If a man is exposed long enough, he dies.

ELIAS: We haven't seen anyone outside our group for four years since we left Earth. We've been expecting someone for some time. Our subspace radio didn't work properly, and I'm afraid we didn't have anyone who could master its intricacies.

ELIAS: There are two other settlements, but we have forty five colonists here.
KIRK: What was the reason for the dispersal?
ELIAS: We felt three groups would have better potential. If disease were to strike one group, the others would be less likely to be affected. You see, Omicron is an ideal agricultural planet. We determined not to suffer the fate of expeditions that went before us.

So Sandoval's group knew that at least two other exploring and/or colonizing expeditions to that planet of death had been wiped out, but still came.

LEILA: Elias.
ELIAS: Leila, come meet our guests. This is Leila Kalomi, our botanist. This is Captain Kirk, Doctor McCoy, Mister Spock.
LEILA: Mister Spock and I have met before. It's been a long time.

ELIAS: You've known the Vulcanian?
LEILA: On Earth, six years ago.
ELIAS: Did you love him?
LEILA: If I did, it was important only to myself.

So Spock was on Earth, 6 years earlier, presumably while serving under Captain Pike as part of the crew of the Enterprise.

MCCOY: I've examined nine men so far, varying in ages from twenty three to fifty nine. They're all in perfect condition. Text book responses. Heart, lungs, excellent. Co-ordination, excellent. Reflexes, excellent. If there are many more of them, I could throw away my shingle.

So those men were aged from 19 to 55 when the expedition left Earth.

SPOCK: Spock here, Captain. There seems to be a total absence of life on the planet, with the exception of the colonists and various types of flora.

So how can the plants thrive without the animal part of a balanced ecosystem. The trees, for example, seem far too large to have been planet only three years ago. Possibly Omicron Ceti became emitting Berthold rays and killed off all native animal life (and possibly a lot of the native plant life) only recently.

LESLIE: Well, sir, for an agricultural colony, they have actually very little acreage planted. There's enough to sustain the colony, but very little more.

The colony has been there for three years without any visitors they could have sold crops to. How long can they keep harvested crop stored before they rot? What is the plan for a normal agricultural colony?

MCCOY: Sandoval's medical record, four years ago when the expedition left Earth. He registered scar tissue on his lungs from lobar pneumonia suffered when he was a child. No major operations, but there was an appendectomy. Received all required inoculations, et cetera.

CCOY: Nothing, but I examined that man no more than two hours ago. You know what his readings were? Perfect, perfect, and perfect. Just like everyone else I've examined here.
KIRK: Instrument malfunction?
MCCOY: No. I thought of that and tested it on myself. It accurately recorded my lack of tonsils and those two broken ribs I had once. It did not record the scar tissue on Sandoval's lungs, but it did record a healthy appendix where one was supposedly removed.

KIRK: Mister Sandoval, within the hour I've received orders from Starfleet Command to evacuate all personnel from this colony. Naturally, you'll inform your people to begin preparations. We will have accommodations for you aboard the Enterprise.

So Starbase 27 should be the closest to Omicron Ceti.

Captain's log, supplemental. We have been ordered by Starfleet Command to evacuate the colony on Omicron Three. However, the colony leader, Elias Sandoval, has refused all co-operation and will not listen to any arguments.

KIRK: Lieutenant, put me through to Admiral Komack at Starfleet.

So Komack might be the commander of the sector that includes Omicron Ceti and Starbase 27.

Captain's log, stardate 3417.5. The pod plants have spread spores throughout the ship, carried by the ventilation system. Under their influence, my crew is deserting to join the Omicron colony, and I can't stop them. I don't know why I have not been infected, nor can I get Doctor McCoy to explain the physical-psychological aspects of the infection.

On Omicron Ceti III:

KIRK: In your own private paradise.
ELIAS: The spores have made it that.
KIRK: Where did they originate?
SPOCK: It's impossible to say. They drifted through space until they finally landed here. You see, they actually thrive on Berthold rays. The plants act as a repository for thousands of microscopic spores until they find a human body to inhabit.
ELIAS: In return, they give you complete health and peace of mind.
KIRK: That's paradise?

Back on the starship:

KIRK: Captain's log, stardate 3417.7. Except for myself, all crew personnel have transported to the surface of the planet. Mutinied. Lieutenant Uhura has effectively sabotaged the communications station. I can only contact the surface of the planet. The ship can be maintained in orbit for several months, but even with automatic controls, I cannot pilot her alone. In effect, I am marooned here. I'm beginning to realise just how big this ship really is, how quiet. I don't know how to get my crew back, how to counteract the effect of the spores. I don't know what I can offer against paradise.

KIRK: No. No! I can't leave! (he's very relieved) Emotions. Violent emotions. Needs. Anger. Captain's log, supplemental. I think I've discovered the answer, but to carry out my plan entails considerable risk. Mister Spock is much stronger than the ordinary human being. Aroused, his great physical strength could kill. But it's a risk I'll have to take.

When Kirk tries to goad Spock to anger:

KIRK: What can you expect from a simpering, devil-eared freak whose father was a computer and his mother an encyclopedia?
SPOCK: My mother was a teacher. My father an ambassador.
KIRK: Your father was a computer, like his son. An ambassador from a planet of traitors. A Vulcan never lived who had an ounce of integrity.

again Leila says that she knew Spock 6 years ago:

LEILA: I love you. I said that six years ago, and I can't seem to stop repeating myself. On Earth, you couldn't give anything of yourself. You couldn't even put your arms around me. We couldn't have anything together there. We couldn't have anything together anyplace else. We're happy here. (crying) I can't lose you now, Mister Spock. I can't.

When Sandoval is free of the spores:

ELIAS: We've done nothing here. No accomplishments, no progress. Three years wasted. We wanted to make this planet a garden.
MCCOY: You can't stay here. You can't survive without the spores. After you've cleared at the Starbase, you could be relocated. It depends upon what you want.
ELIAS: I think I'd, I think we'd like to get some work done. The work we started out to do.

So apparently the colonists originally planned to produce far more crops than they needed, presumably to sell to other planets. And again they are said to have been there for 3 years.

From what I seen they apparently spend less than a day on the surface of Omicron Ceti III during the episode. So the 0.4 stardate units between stardate 3417.3 and stardate 3417.7 should be less than 24 hours and less than the 12 hours of an average period of daylight on Earth, unless the days are longer on omicron Ceti III.. So thee should be fewer than 60 hours in a stardate unit, and probably fewer than 30 hours.

Between stardates 3417.3 and 3417.5, McCoy says:
MCCOY: Nothing, but I examined that man no more than two hours ago. You know what his readings were? Perfect, perfect, and perfect. Just like everyone else I've examined here.

So there seem to be atleast 2 hours in less than 0.2 stardate units. Thus there seem to be at least 10 hours per stardate unit.

So in "this Side of Paradise" a stardate unit seems to be between 10 and 30 hours long.
 
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In broadcast order "The Devil in the Dark", broadcast on 9 March 1967, was the 25th episode of TOS.

Chief engineer Vanderberg leads a group of men, a guard named Sam goes off watch and Schmitter takes Sam's place. Schmitter says the creature has already killed 50 men. Schmitter asks if the Enterprise might get there in the next four hours, apparently the length of his watch..

Soon after Vanderberg and his party leave, the creature attacks Schmitter. Hearing Schmitter's scream, they race back to find Schmitter "burned to a crisp".

Captain's log, stardate 3196.1. A distress call from the pergium production station on Janus Six has brought the Enterprise to that long-established colony. Mister Spock, Doctor McCoy, and I have beamed down to meet with Chief Engineer Vanderberg, administrative head of Janus Six.

KIRK: All right, let's assume there is a monster. What has it done? When did it start?
VANDERBERG: About three months ago, we opened up a new level. Sensors gave us an unusually rich pergium reading. Not only pergium, whatever you want. Uranium, sirium, platinum. The whole planet's like that. It's a treasure house.
KIRK: Yes, we're aware of that. If mining conditions weren't so difficult, Janus Six could supply the mineral needs of a thousand planets. But what happened?
VANDERBERG: First, the automatic machinery, piece by piece, started to almost disintegrate. Metal began dissolving away. There was no reason for it, and our chemists were unable to analyse the corrosive agent.
SPOCK: I'm sure there is an answer. It simply has not yet been discovered.
VANDERBERG: Yes, it has. I don't know what this butchering monster is, but I know what it's doing. Our maintenance engineers sent down to the drifts to repair the corroded machinery. We found them seared to a crisp.
KIRK: Volcanic activity?
SPOCK: There is no current volcanic activity on this planet, Captain.
VANDERBERG: He's right. None. At first the deaths were down deep, but they've been moving up toward our levels. The last man died two days ago three levels below this.
KIRK: Same way? Burned?
MCCOY: I'd like to examine the body.
VANDERBERG: We kept it for you. There isn't much left. Roberts will show you. (McCoy and the guard leave) It isn't pretty.
KIRK: Do you post sentries? Guards?
VANDERBERG: Of course. Five of them have died.

If Schmitter was right after the creature killing exactly 50 men, and if he was the last victim, that would make 51 victims so far. Schmitter's hope the Enterprise could get there during his 4 hour watch two days earlier seems really futile. When McCoy returns he confirms that Schmitter was the last victim.

The guard outside the reactor room is killed by the creature.

VANDERBERG: The main circulating pump for the entire reactor is gone.
SPOCK: The same indication as shown at the door, Captain. A very strong corrosive.
KIRK: Is there a replacement for that?
VANDERBERG: No, none. It's outdated, but we never had any trouble with it.
KIRK: Spock, on board?
SPOCK: Nothing for a device this antiquated, Captain.
VANDERBERG: Without the pump mechanism, the reactor will go supercritical. It could poison half the planet. We can't shut it down. It provides heat and air and life support for the whole colony.
KIRK: Mister Spock, we seem to have been given a choice. Death by asphyxiation or death by radiation poisoning.

So apparently the colony gets power from a fission nuclear reactor instead of a fusion power generator. But it shold be possible to avoid either death by asphyxiation or death by radiation poisoning. Just arrange a way to transfer power from the Enterprise to the power mains in the colony. In "Encounter at Farpoint" the Enterprise-D will transfer power to Farpoint station. In "The Cage" the Enterprise transmitted power down to a laser cannon on the surface. So the Enterprise should still have the capacity to transfer power down to Janus VI.

Or if that wouldn't work, send a shuttlecraft down to the surface near the entrance to the colony and attach cables from its power plant to the power mains of the colony.

SCOTT:
SCOTT: A PXK pergium reactor? No, sir. We don't have any spare circulating pump for a thing like that. I haven't seen a PXK in twenty years.

[Reactor room]

KIRK: Can you rig one up? It's vital.

[Bridge]

SCOTT: Well sir, I can put together some odds and ends, but it won't hold for long.

[Reactor room]

KIRK: How long?
SCOTT [OC]: Forty eight hours maybe, with a bit of luck.
KIRK: Forty eight hours is better than nothing. Gather what you need and beam down here with it.

KIRK: We'll have to, Chief. The alternative is to evacuate all you people up to the Enterprise. A dozen planets depend on you for pergium for their reactor. They're already screaming. Reactors closing down, life support systems

P is the symbol for Phosphorus, Xe is the symbol for Xenon, and K is the symbol for Potassium. So possibly a PXK pergium reactor uses the as yet undiscovered fissionable element pergium, with Phosphorus, Xenon, and Potassium playing important roles. Or maybe PXK is the name of the company that made them. But even though pergium is still valuable and used in energy producing reactors, PXK type reactors are very outdated and there are no spare parts for them anymore.

Presumably Scott's jury rigged pump fails before the 48 hours are reached or passed.

SPOCK: The missing pump wasn't taken by accident. It was the one piece of equipment absolutely essential for the operation of the reactor.
KIRK: Do you think the creature is trying to push the colonists off the planet?
SPOCK: It would seem so.
KIRK: But why now, Mister Spock? These production facilities have been in operation for over fifty years.

If the creature has enough engineering knowledge to select the most critical piece of equipment in the reactor, and knows how critical the reactor is to the colony, doesn't that prove that the creature is an intelligent being, a person, and probably the, or one of the, rightful owners of the planet? Doesn't that mean that by Federation law they have to negotiate with the creature instead of trying to kill it?

They begin searching on level 23, where the Silcon nodules were found. A security guard is killed by the creature.
The creature appears, and Kink and spook shoot off a piece of the creature's armor. Spock detects only one silicon-based life form within a hundred miles and deduces that it might be the last of its species.

KIRK: Mister Spock. I want you to assist Scotty in maintaining that makeshift circulating pump.
SPOCK: II beg your pardon, sir?
KIRK: You heard me. It's vital that we keep that reactor in operation. Your scientific knowledge
SPOCK: Is not needed there, sir. Mister Scott has far more knowledge of nuclear reactors than I do. You're aware of that.
KIRK: Mister Spock, you are second in command. This will be a dangerous hunt. Either one of us by himself is expendable. Both of us are not.
SPOCK: Captain, there are approximately one hundred of us engaged in this search, against one creature. The odds against you and I both being killed are 2,228.7 to 1.
KIRK: 2,228.7 to 1? Those are pretty good odds, Mister Spock.
SPOCK: And they are of course accurate, Captain.

I wonder if anyone has ever figured out how Spock calculate those odds.

SCOTT [OC]: Scotty here, Captain. My brilliant improvisation Just gave up the ghost. It couldn't stand the strain.
KIRK: Can you fix it again?

[Reactor room]

SCOTT: Negative, Captain. It's gone for good.

[Main tunnel]

KIRK: Start immediate evacuation of all colonists to the Enterprise.

[Reactor room]

So presumably this is less than 48 hours after Scott got it working.

KIRK: Good. Get everybody else aboard the Enterprise. The fewer people we have breathing the air down here, the longer the rest of us will be able to hold out. How much longer, Scotty?

[Reactor room]

SCOTT: The reactor will go super-critical in about ten hours, Sir. You have that long to find the mechanism.

Kirk and Spock meet the creature.

SPOCK: Possibly the answer, Captain, but I'm not certain. Captain, you are aware of the Vulcan technique of the joining of two minds.

Does Spock mean that Kirk has learned though books or other sources about that technique, or that Kirk learned aobut it because Spock sued it in "Dagger of the Mind" and/or in "A Taste of Armageddon", which would make "The Devil in the Dark" a sequel to one or both of those episodes?

After Spock's first contact with the Horta, Kirk calls for Dr. McCoy. Spock Mind melds with the Horta, and tells Kirk where to find the pump.. McCoy arrives and goes to work.

MCCOY: (into communicator) That's right, Lieutenant. Just beam it down to me immediately, and never mind what I want it for. I just want it! Now move!

If transporters can reach down to level 23, they should be able to reach the colony. They should have some way to supply power to the colony's life support systems.

Surprisingly the pump is in pretty good shape. instead of being totally destroyed. Kirk, Spock and the miners make a deal with the Horta and McCoy cures her.

Since the reactor has not yet gone supercritical and poisoned the colony with radioactive debris, it must be less than about 10 hours after Scott's makeshift pump failed, which should have been less than 48 hours after Scott assembled it. So this should probably be less than 58 hours or two and a half days since stardate 3196.1. Unfortunately stardate 3196.1 is the only stardate given in the episode.
 
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In the official scale
Why do you call it that? Yes it was mentioned in The Making of Star Trek, however never in a episode in dialog.

It's a scale sure, but how is it official? In many episodes it plainly doesn't work.
 
Are we sure that the Enterprise didn't establish normal gravity and life support conditions on the Botany Bay before Kirk and crew beamed over first?
JB
 
The design of the BB interior strongly suggests a permanent AG environment though
 
The sleeper units are two tiered, there are no ladders to gain access to the upper units. No gravity would make getting into those units easier.
 
Off duty, Angela was the ship's fortune teller, she could frequently be found in the main crew lounge telling fortunes using tarot cards and reading palms. In addition to being the ship's fortune teller, Angela was also the ship's slut.Or ion engines. Low acceleration with ultimate high speed, also relatively small fuel tanks.Here McCoy is not saying the Khan had been sleeping for two centuries, McCoy is confirming that this is what Khan heard. Given world events in the 1960's, to the viewing audience this would have sounded like a reasonable possibility.

Or the Enterprise was originally heading to starbase twelve, and were continuing on it's previous course. If the Enterprise was heading to starbase twelve for a reason, picking up Khan wouldn't have changed that reason.The Botany Bay had artificial gravity, either on it's own or from the Enterprise. I don't think special boots wore by the officers could account for what we were seeing.

The Mars probe seen in a Voyager episode didn't have AG, so maybe nation that built the Botany Bay had AG technology, but decades later the nation(s) that built the Mars Probe didn't. Cochrane's warpship in FC (I think) didn't have AG.What is "SS" please?I believe Spock was wrong on a Earth historical fact (hardly the first time) and McCoy was correcting him.

It would be like Spock wrongly referring to the American Revolutionary War and McCoy correcting him that it was the Peloponnesian War. I believe from the dialog it specifically wouldn't have been a Earth flights. Other species could have been using that sector like a rush hour freeway.
Ummh, I'd see it just as terminology. Is it World War 2 or the Great Patriotic War? Depends where you grew up.
 
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