Of course speaking of Orbán, he's one of the worst examples of using immigration for nothing but cynical political gains; we've had a "State of National Emergency Caused by Mass Immigration" in effect since 2015 as a response to the immigration crisis, even though the crisis had already ended that year, and it's been extended to the whole country in 2016 despite there being periods where literally no one attempted to cross the border illegally for weeks. The government has the option to extend it for six further months if certain requirements are met (either a certain number of attempted border crossings or a certain number of people held at the border camps over a specific period), but for the last two years, there was no legal standing for the state of emergency at all and they have kept extending it regardless without issuing any explanation.
The border camps, cynically named transit zones, are the only place in Hungary where one can legally apply for refugee status, and they only exist along our border with Serbia and Croatia. These applications are always summarily rejected, because the zones can only be entered from the Serbian and Croatian side, and they are classified as safe third countries of origin. However, detainees are free to leave towards these countries at any time. No diplomatic agreement is made with the neighboring governments on this; the zones are erected on the no man's land part of the border strip, and the gates towards the southern side are simply left unlocked; however, this voids any hypothetical legal standing to apply for refugee status, and most of them are unaware that no applications are ever granted unless the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg specifically orders the government to grant them (and Strasbourg rulings are actually non-binding; Hungary has failed to implement 72% of all rulings made by the court in the last 10 years. Only Russia and Turkey have worse track records). Oh, and by the way, the border region between Serbia and Croatia is still strewn with unexploded mines from the Yugoslav wars, leading to several deaths over the years, and there have been numerous reports of Serbian authorities intentionally busing refugees to the minefields, including those already expelled from Hungary.
Detainees are incentivized to leave by the authorities neglecting their dietary (one of the Strasbourg cases involved an Afghan man not being given any food for months) or hygienic needs, denying them medical attention (pregnant women in labor are handcuffed and taken by prisoner transport to civilian hospitals), placing them in tents without air conditioning or heating regardless of the weather, and not having any staff there other than the police who in most cases don't even speak English let alone the detainees' language. They often don't even have access to translators during the legal proceedings including their court appearances, and sometimes children who speak some English are forced to translate for their parents, causing a lot of problems when neither they, nor the police are fluent. And despite the law itself making it clear that the decision to grant refugee status or expel the detainees has to be made in four weeks (and Strasbourg issuing a legal interpretation that this also means that in lieu of any decision, refugee status should be awarded automatically and the detainees should be released into Hungary), most people have been detained in the camps waiting for their court dates for periods in excess of 6 months, again, with the knowledge that their court date is voided if they decide leave towards Serbia and they won't be allowed to reapply.