I still don’t understand why Dr. Burnham brought the sphere to Discovery so they would protect or delete the data. The sphere was dying when it trapped Discovery. If it died, the data would be lost, and no problem.
Why didn’t Dr. Burnham use her abilities to keep everyone away from the sphere and just let it die?
Out of show reason: Because that episode was filmed before Berg/Harberts were fired. Thus at the time the sphere was either meant to be just the standalone plot for the series that week or to fit in to whatever arc they had planned. When Kurtzman came in it seems like he veered to the Control arc instead, and thus found a way to awkwardly shoehorn it in (much as he did New Eden).
Within show reason: Your guess is as good as mine.