Population control was first advocated by Indian philosopher Kautilya, who studied the pros and cons of controlling the size of the population (he felt that too small of a population was "evil"). Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle both felt that a small population was more efficient and manageable than a larger one. Population control as a matter of policy was adopted by the eugenicists, starting with William Goddell (who advocated castrating and spaying the insane) Francis Galton, cousin to Charles Darwin, who first coined the term "eugenics". Margaret Sanger, pioneer for abortion rights, was an advocate of population control, stemming from being both a child of a rather large family, as well as a nurse practitioner for the poor. Later, population control was adopted by environmentalists, starting with Paul R. Ehrlich of Stanford University, when he published his book "The Population Bomb".
So, while, technically, population control isn't a "Western" concept, it has been promoted by Westerners. Ironically, as someone here pointed out, improved economics and education status has done more to lower populations than anything else.
IMO, of course.