Love your answers, the only problem is there is nothing to support what you claim.
Everything supports my claim, you just refuse to accept it.
You keep on saying that the Federation at the time of Journey to Babel is the same as the UN. Yet the UN has someone called a Secretary General who is the spokesperson and leader of the United Nations. Hence how can the Federation be the same if it as you say does not have any sort of leader or head of state? This is something we have been trying to point out to you! How can the Federation that have numerous Ambassadors and delegates funtion as one without a president or someone who is the head of state?
Oh, boohoo, my words weren't correct to the literal extreme, I'm so sorry, but I'm not anally retentive.
Let me point a few things out to you (actually, repeat for the umpteenth time, but you know, reading, difficult):
1. The Secretary-General is NOT a leader. He's PR guy.
2. For there to be a head of state, you actually have to HAVE a state first. The Federation is not a state by Journey to Babel, it's the UN in space at that point. So there's also no head of state.
You said that it was a mutual decision for ambassadors & delegates to come together or get together on the Enterprise. But here is the problem being who got them together to make this mutual decision? I highly doubt all these ambassadors & delegates (32 Ambassadors & 114 delegates and more then likely there were more) simply all think alike.
Actually, they WOULD, think alike. Enough of them at least. When a situation arises that according to the rules a session has to be held, a session is held, and these rules they agreed upon at the founding of the Federation (and may or may not have been amended in the meantime). One does not require a president, especially seeing as a pr guy like the Secretary-General is the only thing the Federation at that time could have, is NOT a president.
The Commodore or Admiral who ordered the Enterprise to pick up these ambassadors & delegates have to answer to someone. Kind of like a chain of command, so who is at the top of this chain of command?
The highest admiral.
I highly doubt it's 32 Ambassadors & 114 delegates! Which comes down to the what I have been trying to say, which is that there has to be someone in charge overall of SF, the ambassadors, the delegates, starfleet ships.
The highest admiral. And only the Federation Council can give him orders, and you do not need a president for that.
Where in ST does it say that the Federation, Starfleet and member fleets are going through an overhaul. I do not recall any such thing.
It doesn't require ST to "say" anything. This is a simple thing of logical deduction. In the first season Earth is still ordered around by UESPA. In Journey to Babel the UFP is still the UN in space. By the time of the movies the Federation has a fully functional executive branch, and a president that is the commander and chief of Starfleet. Do the math.
You said that the Admirals are in charge of SF, who answer to the Federation Council. So who does the Federation Council answer to? Again there has to be someone who is the head of the council.
No, there's no one at the head of the Council. The Council doesn't answer to anyone, just like the legislative branch of modern democracies does not answer to the executive branch. A separation of the legislative, judicial, and executive branches of government, a system of checks and balances is the norm. In fact, when a legislative branch makes a law, the executive branch has to implement it. So looking at it one way, the executive branch, and thus the president, is UNDER the legislative branch. Hence why they can impeach the president, and other such things.
You did not answer my question which was Federation & Starfleet had to go to war. Who would make this decision?
I did answer it, and I'll repeat it again: the Federation Council.
I.e. if the Federation had to go to war with the Klingons or the Romulans, who decides or makes the decision to mobilize there military forces?
The Federation Council, and when it comes to individual member world's militaries, those member worlds.
The individual member worlds. Much like individual member worlds decide the amount of funding they supply to the UN, or whether they indeed go to war at all. The only difference is, that unlike the UN, the Federation does have its own military/star fleet, known as Starfleet. When the Federation was still in UN mode, the Federation could order Starfleet to fight, but not any of the individual member militaries/star fleets. They would have to decide that themselves (and probably be placed under Starfleet command for the duration of the war.)
Any execution of that is done by the Admirals in charge of Starfleet have to come from somewhere, someone like a president.
Nope, they come from the council. Just like when the UN has accepted a resolution that military force is allowed, no UN leader needs to tell individual member countries to mobilize. Any country that wishes to do so, can do so themselves.
You have the Klingons who have a Chancellor who is the leader of the Klingon High Council and runs the empire. You have the Romulans who have a Proetor who presides over the Romulan Senate and runs the Empire. So who is the leader or who presides over the Federation Council?
There is no leader that presides over the Federation Council, just like no leader presides over the parliaments in our democratic worlds. The Klingons and the Romulans are not democracies.
Someone who would say hey I am the leader of the Federation, I speak on behalf of the Federation.
Doesn't exist, just like the UN has no such person. The Secretary-General can only be a public face, and professes of what he things the UN stands for - more accurately, what a majority of the member countries stand for, or what it should stand for according to him. However, he is not the leader of the UN and can never claim to be that; he certainly cannot speak for any member states.
Being I highly doubt that the Klingon Chancellor & the Romulan Proetor is going to sit down with 32 or more Ambassadors and 114 or more delegates. LoL, the Klingons and Romulans would just laugh and invade the Federation being there was no sort of leadership.
The chancellor is indeed not going to sit down with 32 or more Ambassadors, he'll be sitting down with just one, if he is going to sit down at all. This one, or a small group of Ambassadors, would have instructions from the Federation Council what they could, or could not do. The Klingons may indeed have tried to invade the Federation - and promptly got their asses kicked.
The Preator did not speak with ANYONE in the Federation, indeed, NO Romulan spoke with the anyone in the Federation for a century.
One does not require a president, for there to be a leadership. Nor does one even require a Council/Parliament to be dangerous enough you don't just invade - just look at NATO.