Carol calls it "multi-warp capability". The warp factors have been changed in this timeline, the maximum warp of the Enterprise is 4.25, yet she's still far faster than say Voyager.
Vengeance having warp 12 capability, in this universe, would be well into transwarp speeds if not actually called that. Her wake was dragging the Enterprise along faster than she could travel alone, caught up in a greater vortex (the warp tunnel visably expands as Vengeance approaches).
So, either way, both ships are faster and possess something the Prime verse didn't have at all, or into the late 24th century nearer the time of the death of Romulus.
Vengeance having warp 12 capability, in this universe, would be well into transwarp speeds if not actually called that. Her wake was dragging the Enterprise along faster than she could travel alone, caught up in a greater vortex (the warp tunnel visably expands as Vengeance approaches).
So, either way, both ships are faster and possess something the Prime verse didn't have at all, or into the late 24th century nearer the time of the death of Romulus.