All in all you're looking at a multitude of propulsion technologies that "Work" but are risky at best, dangerous at worst, beyond their technology, inapplicable due to resources. What do we have.....DIS writers already made it pretty clear through Book's expository lines that this isn't so: most if not all of the alternate methods are actually woefully inferior, being too expensive or risky or relying on resources that are even more difficult to come by than dilithium, if not all three at the same time. They look good on paper, or when introduced - but stormtroopers looked scary for the first three minutes of Star Wars, too...
And this is pretty consistent, since if those alternate methods actually were worth the while, everybody else would have been using them already, back when primitive humans and their vassals were toying with silly dilithium. We have yet to learn of a star empire that would not rely on dilithium, though. (No, we never learned that the Dominion would rely on it, but we never learned otherwise, either.)
Spore power is fine as long as you don't destroy the multiverse with it. But nobody knows of spore power, presumably because it's in everybody's interest to keep close watch over those who dabble in it, and to eliminate everybody who gets too close to that multiverse-terminating thing.
Timo Saloniemi
- Quantum Slipstream: Exotic, workable, seen in Voyager: Hope and Fear, In fairness Arturis built the "Dauntless" as a trap. As to whether slipstream worked well in long haul is never stated. It destroyed Voyager in an alternate timeline; technology was so prone to failure the "Think Tank" saw it as potential but still inapplicable.
- Soliton Wave: Actually worked, but exiting FTL zone and shutting off the wave proved catastrophically dangerous. However the technology is equivalent to a cable car with point A and B needed to activate and dissipate the wave, the ship has No control over travelling.
- Graviton Catapult: Works: Revere engineered from particle/field displacement tech of the caretaker.
- Tachyon based propulsion: One that has not been reevaluated. Bajoran lightsail ships for example. Possible if Starfleet built a network of beam based propulsion networks at orbiting starbases and stations.
- Co-axial warp: Not stated if Co-axial design uses dilithium, but dangerous setup to utilize. Functioned by drawing in subatomic particles and reconfiguring their internal geometries. This allowed a ship the capability to fold the fabric of space, allowing it to travel.