Neutronium was a theoretical substance in the 23rd century according to Federation science (as confirmed by Disco crew just in the episode where they found Federation HQ).
Shortly after Discovery left the 23rd century (about 10 years later), the Enterprise encountered the Planet Killer (a device made of solid neutronium).
The Federation was already aware of species well before Voyager was launched who build organic based vessels... such as the Breen.
Admittedly, holographic technology was highly evolved by the late 24th century and still mostly confined to the holodecks, however, even Voyager was able to project 3 holographic Talaxian space ships which were instrumental in dividing Kazon weapons fire... and from that I can conclude that the Federation would likely be able to make organic/neutronium/holo starship hull materials by mid/late 25th century (heck, by the 24th, Starfleet should have had some methods of disrupting Neutronium hull... but not even THAT happened because the writers couldn't be bothered to keep track).
Looking at the past 100 years from real life alone, technology and science have just BEGUN to evolve on an exponential basis... space faring species would have kept up that pace of development, and given what we saw of the 23rd and 24th centuries in Trek, its actually ridiculous that a LOT of the stuff that even became real (like Transwarp beaming) by late 24th century, doesn't even EXIST in the 32nd century (next to different power generation methods that don't need dilithium for regulating reactions), etc.