The idea of the Ba'ul wanting to analyse Saru before killing him I think is meant to reflect their more methodical, intellectual nature. They speak derisively of the Kelpiens being slaves to their primal instincts, and that the Kelpiens can't/shouldn't govern themselves. They see themselves as more 'civilized'. But Saru has already proven that Kelpiens are not just savage people unable to grow or progress beyond their more predatory beginnings. The fact that their society is already different to how it was 2000 years ago means that they can change and adapt again if needed. The Ba'ul are the ones who are trying to maintain a status quo that favors them, but at the cost of countless Kelpien lives. While I do thing it's important to acknowledge that the apple-cart has been upset, and there might be very negative consequences for what happened because of the drastic nature of the steps taken, I also think we're supposed to have hope that Saru and Siranna are correct that the Kelpiens are capable of more. Of forgiveness and understanding. Otherwise the Ba'ul were right for committing ethnic cleansing over thousands of years. I don't think that's meant to be the correct message. The hard part will be trying to find a peaceful solution where both species don't have to live in fear.
I really liked that the writers decided the Ba'ul would be a paranoid, frightened race, but for good reason. Clearly they are reclusive, preferring to rule through deception and guile. For them it has been a winning strategy, until now. Because the truth got out. The truth they'd systemically been hiding from the Kelpiens about themselves.
An extra little detail I appreciated was the fact that the Ba'ul's back fins or spikes instinctively inflated in response to Saru's also instinctive quill attack. It was a reaction which undercut the words it was saying about the Kelpiens being the primal species, unable to control themselves.
Well, if you are or feel small, then overcompensating with huge ships is the way to go, right? Like a pufferfish, or a cat, when threatened the point is to make oneself appear larger and more threatening even though that in itself is a pure defense mechanism.
I do appreciate the fact that Discover in general is giving us puzzles like these to solve. Then again, one of my favorite scifi films/books is the Abyss.
I also like that in the Ba'ul we are really seeing something alien, both in terms of visual and audio. The conversations they had with Pike were disturbing, their tech was overblown in a The Tholian Web kind of a way and though physically they were a horror-trope tar creature, they were a very well realised horror-trope tar creature.
Young predators often are vulnerable, even if the adults are formidable, I could see that as evolutionarily advantageous.
I think this is one of the main reasons I enjoyed this episode as much as I did:
Yes, it did have some clunky scenes in it. Saru basically being able to do whatever he wanted undisturbed while a prisoner on the alien ship didn't make sense. And the prime directive was violated pretty blatantly in a manner that should have maybe been better thought out.
But holy cow gave us this episode a lot to think about!
This is truly the best kind of example for a "high-concept" episode - the type of Science Fiction I like the most. It was completely entertaining on in it's own. But it introduced as to so many ideas, gave us so much to think about - and still made sense overall. I really, really appreciate that, this is what makes "Star Trek" special for me, and this episode captured that perfectly!