STAR TREK THE NEXT GENERATION WRITERS/DIRECTORS GUIDE
You are conveniently omitting this section of TNG's writer's guide:

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STAR TREK THE NEXT GENERATION WRITERS/DIRECTORS GUIDE
Can, has, and did, across the majority of the 20th century. Some might say in the 19th century as well with some author's fictional works changing the language over time.
That they do so in response to the discovery of the Borg indicates that that kind of activity is far from routine.
Is that why Starfleet Academy awards degrees in things like astrophysics, exoarchaeology, xenolinguistics, theoretical physics, and zoology, but offers no specific concentration in military tactics?
Except that it was explicitly stated in dialogue on numerous occasions that Starfleet neither designed nor constructed warships until the Defiant prototype.
Which is why Kirk described it as a "combined service." Starfleet seems to operate in both capacities, and has personnel trained to specialize in several different fields.
You're forgetting the context of that scene. Picard is explaining to Kolrami why he was initially opposed to the wargames. Long story short, the Borg threat is serious enough -- and WEIRD enough -- that he wants the Enterprise to be as ready as it can be if and when Starfleet has to get involved.
So strictly speaking, Starfleet is something we could properly describe as "paramilitary explorers."
What I've been saying throughout this thread is that this cannot actually be TRUE of a military organization. What makes it a military organization is a legal declaration by the legislature identifying it as one.
Over the years, Star Trek has obviously been very inconsistent about this which is why both sides can find plenty of evidence for their views. I don't know why people can't accept that neither side is wrong.
Four times in one thread is enough, thanks.
Despite the inconsistencies, one common thing throughout Star Trek has been JAG and courts-martial, which are exclusive to militaries. How can it be ever acceptable that Starfleet is not military, if, in addition to the legal branch of a military and a military court, they also fight all of the Federation wars? They have warships armed with torpedoes! Memory Alpha confirms that the Federation and Starfleet are allusions to USA and NATO.
Only one side is wrong here.
What did Mixer just say?
Well I'm glad this thread didn't disappoint. It never does, not any of the 100 times we've had it before, anyway.
The correct answer has already been given: there's no way to say for sure, because there are direct statements that contradict each other all throughout the franchise.
And of course, the whole none of this is real part just adds to the ambiguity.
Anyway...enjoy your fruitless arguing!
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It seems when the word "military" is mentioned, for some, it conjurs up images of Saving Private Ryan or something. This isn't a debate over whether the Federation is 'militaristic,' or if Starfleet is 'militant.' As someone mentioned above, from the TNG bible, Starfleet is responsible for:Actually the answer I give is the correct one because it fits what we observe on screen and does not choose one side over the other. Moreover it fits the original intention of Starfleet.
It occurred to me... The question isn't whether Starfleet is military, it's whether a dedicated military exists at all. Earlier in Trek EARTH history, the answer might have been yes, evidence: The MACOs. However, either with the creation of the UFP (as suggested in Beyond) or soon after it seems to have disappeared. Why? Because of what I mentioned in my previous post. The vast distances generally eschew having two different arms of the UFP when a multi-mission force is more efficient. Starfleet ships are modular and easily adapted.
More proof is in DS9. If the UFP had a dedicated military force then it would have transferred command to it. It did not. Starfleet maintained it's operations and adapted to the military role, in effect becoming the military because that was mission at hand. During this period, it must have a protocol to form other dedicated military units, since we saw "marines" during wartime.
The answer I gave in the last post still fits all observations: pseudo-military. it is still tasked with other things as it's primary reason for being(as in the STNG Bible), but is fully capable of force when necessary. In order to facilitate operations it's organized with a military-like structure (including a JAG office, etc) but is not as rigid in protocol or with promotions. In effect, it is unlike the Navy we have today while still borrowing many of it's trappings.
RAMA
- To expand the body of human knowledge.
- To provide assistance as required to Earth/Federation colonies, commerce and travelers.
- To provide for Earth/Federation security.
- To seek out new life, new civilizations.
- To provide further understanding of the universe and humanity's place in it. "Who are we? Where have we come from? What are we about? And where are we going?"
We really don't. It's enough that Starfleet OFFICERS understand that Starfleet isn't defined as a military organization. That implies that the Starfleet charter doesn't define it as one and neither does Federation law.No offense, but you sort of just stepped on your own argument. You've been using the Webster's definition of paramilitary to define Starfleet. Even though Starfleet satisfies the definition of a military, yet now we need to see the Federation's constitution and how Starfleet as an organization is defined in it?
To be absolutely clear: since we don't have access to this information, we have no grounds to contradict the claims by the people who DO. So if you disagree with Jean Luc Picard or Montgommery Scott about whether or not Starfleet is a military organization, you'd need to look up the Federation Charter or relevant federation law. Since we can't actually do that, we're just gonna have to take their word for it.And since we don't have access to this information regarding this fictional entity we cannot safely categorize it as a military?
It's like the Cardassian military or the Bajoran Militia. It's like the Klingon Defense Force or the Imperial Romulan Navy. But unlike any of those organizations, Starfleet's primary function is apparently exploration, and is therefore most accurately described as a paramilitary exploration fleet.And if it's only like a military; and not actually a military, what fictional 23rd/24th century Federation entity is it like?
It's actually the other way around. We were shown EXPLICITLY the events that lead to Starfleet's development of its defensive capabilities and what we saw in the Warp 5 program leaves no doubt whatsoever that weapons and tactical readiness were always a secondary consideration. This was, in fact, a very hard lesson for Starfleet to learn and it almost got them killed on numerous occasions; their adoption of harder military-style tactics was taken only grudgingly when it became clear that the low-intensity defensive tactics they expected to employ simply wouldn't cut it.Yes, Starfleet does have a larger science division than modern militaries, but this is a by-product of them being in space and you need science specialists in space. Even the militant Klingons and Romulans have science officers on their ships.
Definition of a paramilitary:
1) of, relating to, being, or characteristic of a force formed on a military pattern especially as a potential auxiliary military force. (From Merriam Webster)
2) A group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion, but which do not represent the formal forces of a sovereign power. (From Wiktionary).
3) denoting or relating to a group of personnel with military structure functioning either as a civil force or in support of military forces or denoting or relating to a force with military structure conducting armed operations against a ruling or occupying power.
(from Collins Dictionary Online)
"Paramilitary" does not automatically imply "civilian," though. Under the Geneva conventions, for example, a lawful combatant in a paramilitary organization is not considered a civilian.
You can reject the idea all you like, but that's the MEANING of the word, and that's how it's used in the literature related to that particular topic. As with those who -- for reasons they have declined to articulate -- are uncomfortable with the idea of "military" having a negative connotation, you seem equally uncomfortable with "paramilitary" having a positive one..
Did You Know?
This term paramilitary can take in a wide range of organizations, but is usually applied to forces formed by a government. Groups opposing a government, even when organized along military lines, are more often referred to as guerrillas or insurgents. In countries with weak central governments (such as, in recent times, Afghanistan, Somalia, Iraq, or Congo), warlords may form their own paramilitary forces and take over all local police and military functions. Paramilitary often has a sinister sound today, since it's also applied to groups of off-duty military or police personnel who carry out illegal violence, often at night, with the quiet support of a government.
Here's where the issue lies. It's where you put the "also" in terms of defining Starfleet.
Is Starfleet:
A: A military organization that also conducts scientific research and exploration of space?
B: An exploratory and scientific organization that also conducts defense?
By the definition the shows and movies have given us through on-screen dialogue and story, Starfleet is more properly defined as the second option.
I always felt that any statements to the effect of "Starfleet is not a military organization" worked a lot better if you read an implied "primarily" in there. How they choose to brand themselves doesn't change what they actually do.That's about as asinine as Picard's statement that keeps getting plastered to the thread wall here. If Picard had said "Starfleet's more of an exploratory.....than a military..." or "Starfleet's mission is much more than a military..." his statement would be much more accurate, but when he throws out an inaccurate, false dichotomy, it sounds awfully silly.
NOAA is a federal uniformed service, but while NOAA - particularly from the NOAA Corps - may be assigned to the DoD, they are under the Department of Commerce rather than the Department of Defence as they are not an armed service. On the other hand, the USCG - which has been shopped around various Departments over the years, but has only been part of the DoD during wartime - is a military (or perhaps more properly a naval defence force) because several of it's functions revolve around being an armed combatant force when the situation requires it, but when this isn't required they fall back to their federal roles of ice operations, maritime law enforcement/safety (including fisheries), maritime enviromental protection, aiding safe navigation and search and rescue.
In what way is Starfleet operations inconsist with it being legally and practically similar to the above?
Unofficial in its capacity as a military, yes. That simply means the organization isn't officially designated as a military organization even if it ACTS like one in a particular circumstance. The CIA's "Special Activities Division" for example is not considered a military unit because the Central Intelligence Agency is not part of the military. Same for the FBI's counterterrorism units. Both of them are paramilitary organizations that can and do engage in combat operations and can sometimes even participate in wars but are not "military" because they are supervised by civilian authorities.So, granted, a government can form and tacitly support a paramilitary organization. That organization, though, is still unofficial.
Sure it is. It's just less popular in English speaking countries who prefer to use more politically correct jargon for their paramilitary forces. As I mentioned earlier, it's a lot like how the U.S. and Israel do this thing called "precision targeted killing" that by literally every definition you can imagine is actually called "assassination," or how "extraordinary rendition" is political jargon for "kidnapping."Paramilitary is never used to refer to any officially formed or sanctioned governmental organization.
That IS the correct definition of the word. I'm unconcerned with butthurt politicians not wanting to describe their own barely-legal militias for what they truly are. Even the private militias that are currently called "paramilitary" under a NEGATIVE connotation once had the blessing and support of the state back in the days when their existence was convenient and useful; those same organizations and their successors are now a nuisance in modern, but it doesn't change what they ARE, and it doesn't mean they won't be useful again in the future.If we're going to use the word paramilitary, then let's use it correctly.
Earth Starfleet, 2151.What historical precedent is there for any exploratory and scientific organization that also conducts defense?
Obviously.Can such an organization exist?
Incorrect. It's illegal according to the Geneva Conventions to fire upon noncombatants. Paramilitary units operating on the battlefield and taking part in hostilities are, by definition, combatants.It's illegal according to the Geneva Convention to fire upon unarmed non-military units and groups.
They're combatants, and explicitly so. As are MOST paramilitary units in time of war.Are Starfleet personnel combatants or noncombatants? That's probably the bottom line.
That depends on a lot of things. To begin with, if the invading aliens are microbial in nature, it would be NEITHER of those organizations and actually the CDC would do most of the defense.It's like this, if the Earth was invaded by aliens from space, who would rise to defend the planet? Would it be NASA or the ESA?
Unless the Federation doesn't HAVE a military. Seems pretty likely considering they never needed one before.If Starfleet is not the military, then they need to get out of the way and let the military fight the wars.
The Japanese Coast Guard -- which is somewhat larger than the USCG -- is not.As for the comparison to the Coast Guard.... USCG is a branch of the military.
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