Captain Tracy
Captain Garth
Admiral Cartwright
Admiral "Colonel" West
Admiral Jamieson
Captain Maxwell
Admiral Kennelly
Admiral Pressman
Admiral Dougherty
Admiral Leyton
Captain Benteen
Captain Ransom
Admiral Marcus
Commodore Oh
And then there's the ambiguous ones. Kirk wasn't evil, but as an Admiral he did get executive discipline straight from the Federation President. Picard has something like nine violations of the Prime Directive on record as of TNG season 4. Sisko was an accessory to the murder of a Romulan Senator. Admiral Ross worked with Section 31. There's Captain Edison, though he didn't really go full on evil until a hundred years after he was presumed dead. Captain Lorca, though that was his Mirror self posing as his Prime self. Admiral Cornwell did plot genocide, though that was with the approval of the Federation Council
Commodore Oh was a Romulan Tal'Shiar operative... so that one doesn't count.
Captain Benteen... can she be classified as an 'evil renegade'?
She was following Leyton's orders and operated on false info thinking there were changelings on the Defiant (and ended up standing down in the end to escort the Defiant to Earth). Sisko himself mentioned Benteen abandoned Leyton.
Pressman... not sure about him being an evil renegade since what he did was technically sanctioned.
I know the Federation is prohibited from using cloaking devices yes, but there may be a loophole for them so they can conduct research into how new potential cloaking devices would work allowing them to develop a counter to that (but not actually use said devices on their starships).
Its a bit of a grey area open to interpretation, though Pressman went an extra mile in actually using it on a starship (which is what the crew mutinied about)... albeit, an overload was what caused the experiment to fail and cause all those deaths.
He was in the wrong on using the cloak on an actual starship... but the underlying premise of developing the thing and not using it on ships should have been doable.
Admiral Marcus was basically Section 31 if I'm not mistaken... and that organisation thinks they're above Federation law and should answer to no one... not sure if that one technically counts... though he certainly fit the bill of an 'aggressive militaristic prick'.
Captain Maxwell did turn out to be correct about the Cardassians, but he went about it completely wrong and I agree he went rogue what with destroying Cardassian ships and endangering the peace treaty.
Leyton didn't have a track record of being a renegade prior to instigating a coup... he ended up paranoid due to Changelings and looming conflict with the Dominion, but in the end he did turn renegade.
Kennelly didn't strike me as a renegade... more like an idiot for allowing himself to be manipulated by the Cardassians and also for illegally doing things. Wouldn't you as an Admiral share what the Cardassians said in order to try and corroborate it?
Sounds to me the writers made this one lacking in basic fact checking and prone to making assumptions... and in the end, he was court marshaled.
All others more or less yes... but there have been few instances on the whole... spread throughout 200 years.
Not sure I'd say its an indication of a larger problem, but its certainly one the writers need to pay closer attention to as this kind of behavior emerging doesn't fit what we were told about the Federation in the first place (and no, there is no such thing as 'human nature' - behavior doesn't arise from vacuum - its prompted by environment).
If the Federation as a whole was indeed corrupt and not what it was claimed to be, then exposures of these people and their actions would likely not have led to court marshals in the first place.
The fact they had to do a lot of it in secret demonstrates that majority of people wouldn't allow it.