Oh how I miss John's frequent essay questions for us. And yet they live on, well beyond the lifespan of his account.
Although the TOS Romulans were meant to evoke Roman-ness, the Klingons kinda took that mantle as Trek developed them further in at least 1 key way: Roman proconsuls/emperors were more-or-less defined by whether they expanded the borders of the Republic/Empire, and whether they gave Rome's enemies a beating. (Modern historians often cite this as the reason that Cicero couldn't stop talking about his oratory "victories" over Cataline, since Cicero was no general.)
Becoming buddies-as-equals wasn't an option for Rome (although they employed the "client" status often when talking friendship), and this was the depiction of the Klingons for much of Trek. So even though we can agree with Sisko's dad when he ponders the need for war when space is so vast for all, to some degree it does come down to some of those values which guide a society.
"Glory" isn't a word that gets brought up much these days, but when it is a driving force - for personal glory and the glory of one's empire - it basically
requires action of some sort, and that may or may not be good news to their neighbors, whether that's the Federation, Carthage, or whomever.