That's true enough, on other hand, whether Pike was coming from the real Rigel or the fictional Beta Rigel, ferrying the injured and sick, it's pretty silly for him to try taking them all the way to Vega instead of just stopping off at Earth along the way since, y'know, Vega is almost exactly opposite Sol from that direction.
If we assume that Rigel VII is in the Beta Rigel system, then travel times won't be much of an issue. Archer got there in a couple of days; Pike could get from there to Earth, or Vega, or Arcturus, or any nearby location with the called-for medical facilities, within that time or faster. The immediate wounds would already be treated, as we see with the bandages on the crew. The non-immediate ones could apparently wait.
Indeed, Pike felt he could spare the day or several it took to divert the ship to Talos, so there was no
real medical emergency there. Vega was probably simply the place with the best facilities to treat the specific kind of injuries Crewman Deadmeat (currently happily in stasis) had received. The fact that Vega rather than Earth was chosen would nicely match the fact that Vega rather than Rigel V was chosen...
While we are perhaps supposed to get the impression that Pike is really far out in deep space all on his own, nothing in the story structure dictates this. We could be witnessing a relatively young and untested skipper (with very little brass on his sleeves!) doing a milk run that goes badly wrong, and limping back home with his tail between his legs. Dozens of other starships could be plying the space around him, but he would have no reason to really call for help, and little motivation to discuss his recent blunders with outsiders. His isolation would be psychological rather than physical.
When encountering the exotic SOS by sheer chance, and after having a few drinks for courage, he'd be quite ready psychologically to get active again, and jump the possibly significant distance to Talos because he both could afford the diversion and would need it.
Of course, it would perhaps be easier on our poor brains if we could argue that Pike was the only Starfleet representative within dozens if not hundreds of lightyears, because then it would make more sense that the Talosian SOS had caught nobody else. Why would the Talosians have to wait that long for their second set of human victims if they could prey on the busy Earth/Beta Rigel route?
Then again, what if this was the Talosians' first try ever? We have no evidence they were responsible for luring in and crashing the
Columbia. We have no proof that the other specimen in their menagerie were kidnap victims from outside the planet. And we have no evidence of a long-ongoing kidnap program. Possibly the thought of finding a breeding companion for Vina had only occurred to them recently?
As for the warp highways issue:
I'm not arguing for "significant magnitude," like a factor of 100 or 1000, except in rare cases where the story requires it (and in those cases I just assume the discussion was made offscreen). As I said, it's more like finding the smoothest, most efficient path through hilly terrain.
That I have no problem with. OTOH, that sort of variance in warp speed doesn't solve the "big problems", not in the way that we could accept both Okudaic speeds and a four-day Earth-to-Qo'noS-via-Beta-Rigel trip. And if the variance is that small, it's quite possible that our heroes pay no heed to it in their day-to-day navigation, and the course and warp speed settings we hear in the dialogue are indeed the end-all of it, there being no unvoiced subtlety. The smoothest paths would only feature when the ship is to engage in long distance travel from A to B, which is a relatively rare event (and indeed gets some dialogue when it is done in VOY).
Timo Saloniemi