Yes. And international distribution is not as simple as paying for the "rights" and then putting the data up on the servers. And the overall cost to Netflix would never justify the small amount content, even if it did fit within their paradigm. CBS knew that going in.
But that's assuming they even ever offered the shorties to begin with. CBS's goal is not to promote Star Trek, it's to promote CBS, which is the whole point of exclusive supplemental content. The shorties are one step above the interviews, behind the scenes and other snippets they have on the site. Their sole purpose is to promote the AA and strengthen viewer retention.
And that holds true outside the US because, make no mistake, CBS's goal has always been to become an international product - either directly or through partnerships around the globe. And, I think it's safe to say that the only reason they made the deal with Netflix, to begin with, was because Netflix sweetened the pot so much that CBS couldn't have possibly said no.
But the market/medium has evolved a lot since they made that deal, and it's going to evolve and change even more over the next 18-24 months to the point it's very likely - even inevitable - that CBS and Netflix will become direct competitors (both in North America and internationally). CBS knows this. So it behooves them to keep as many of their own eggs in their own basket as possible.