Well, thanks for the responses people. This has been an informative thread.
I didn't expect to get much of a response from the gay community, but it's interesting that a few gay men seem to think that there could be some surname-taking, one way or the other, if they get married. Intriguing... As I've stated, I am of the opinion that this tradition is, in heterosexual marriage, a reminder of the unequal treatment women have received throughout history, and how they are still often marginalized. Obviously, that wouldn't be the case in a same-sex marriage, so what would a name-change mean there? I guess it goes back to the idea that some have expressed about having a common name for "family unity". Well, in any kind of marriage, I could appreciate that more than viewing one partner as less equal to the other, but I still think the custom is an outdated one (and unfair to the woman since, family unity or not, it almost always is the man's name that is chosen to represent the family).
The results are interesting... although perhaps not too surprising. It seems that there are a lot of people in marriages where the wife took the husband's surname -- not unexpected, as I find that is still quite common with married couples I know.
The responses from unmarried people have been informative: it would appear that a significant amount of men still want their potential wives to take their last name -- about equal to the amount of men that don't have a preference (and significantly more than the few men who absolutely wouldn't want their wife to take their surname).
Amongst women, it seems there are a fair number who wouldn't want to take their potential husband's name (although there are a few who are undecided on the matter), a bit more than the number of women who do want to take their husband's name.
I'm curious: has this ever been an issue for anyone? A few people here have told some stories on the subject, but is there anyone else? Married people, was there any disagreement on this topic before you were married? Single men who would want their wife to take their name -- what if they didn't want to? Would it be a deal-breaker? Women who don't want to take their husband's name -- ever met any opposition on the matter?
Do tell!