1. You can make almost anything small enough to fit inside a replicator, like replicator parts, inside a replicator, so long as you have a design pattern, or the pattern is not forbotten. Which is why a nogoodnick can't replicate phasers or real chocolate at the replimat. The ship on Prodigy has a replicator who's only job is to replicate new shuttles... Are shuttles disposable on that show? Is it preferable to build a new shuttle for every mission, rather than keeping up on maintenance and cleaning the bugger? It was not eactly clear. But I assumed that if the Maquis Colonies had larger replicators, they would be of the style and from the time, that the colonists left Earth which could have been 2 hundred years ago.
2. Replicated food, and other replicated matter can be manifested on the holodeck. Obviously you can't replicate with holo-emitters, so the holodeck is also a giant replicator you can walk inside of.
3. A parabolic dish was used to turn the Doctor into an 80 foot tall giant. Similar tech. Replicator + parabolic dish = Replicated stuff bigger than the original replicator.
One thing... The Doctor. If you are referring to "BASICS, PART I", he wasn't made into a giant. He was accidentally transferred into space along with the fake Talaxian ship images, but he didn't increase in size.