TOS showed ships and starbases using technology that was out of date, sometimes by decades (Devil in the Dark), and having to help drop off new technology because the Federation wasn't getting around to doing it anytime soon.
Enterprise had the NX-01 running into ships that according to the Boomers were around in the 2110's (the inside of the reactors being signed by Cochrane means the ECS ships were built prior to 2119, and they looked it).
The Kelvin being around in 2233 with a registry of 0514 (older than the Oberth class) as well as the other ships like the 0716 by 2259 mean ships in service for ~100 years.
TNG had Miranda and Excelsior class ships with registries from the early 2300's running around 60-70 years later. O'Brian is shocked at the Lakota firing beam phasers like the Galaxy Class in Paradise Lost, instead of older versions.
The Enterprise C is using technology very much like the Enterprise B from decades before, not a halfway between it and the D, and she was a ship of the line.
We have plenty of examples from all the series of technology *not* being equally advanced or new across the fleet or installations, Discovery is going to be an old rust bucket herself in this series, visiting more behind the scenes places, we'll be seeing a hwole mish mash of Starfleet era's that we haven't before.