But which group will die in place of the many? There is absolutely no just way for any government to select the members of such a group. The only just way to assemble such a group would be to ask for volunteers. Would you volunteer to be sent to the 456?
Would I volunteer? Trust me I'm way too old the 456 would send me back right away.

To my knowledge, none of these instances involve a government slaughtering people that they considered to be "their own." These massacres were perpetrated against some "other" that they had convinced themselves was the enemy or in some way inhuman. PM Green orchestrated the deaths of what were, ostensibly, his own people. In historical terms, this might make him even more horrific than Hitler and perhaps on par with Stalin or Pol Pot.
Personally, I don't share your grim assessment of humanity. I think it takes a special kind of monster to conceive the plans for an orderly genocide.
Many of those put to death by the Nazis were German citizens, they might have been defined as others as you put it, by virtue of being Jewish, but they were still German. By the same token Green was picking an other too; the underachieving, the underclass whatever you want to call it. He was using a justification to discreminate against his own the same as Hitler did. To suggest Green is somehow worst than Pol Pot, Mao, Hitler, Stalin, Mugabe etc makes little sense. They all killed 'their own' in one way or another.
I like to think I have a realistic assesment of humanity. As a species we are capable of the most base horrors, but also of truly wonderful kindness and sacrifice.
I never said that the Bush administration acted appropriately when administering torture. I suspect there were numerous imperfections in the process of determining the guilt or innocence of the suspects. All I was arguing was that there is nothing wrong, in principle, with torturing people who deserve to be tortured.
The other question is, "How do you determine who does or doesn't deserve to be tortured?" It's a separate, much trickier issue (and irrelevant to the argument at hand, IMO, although I'd be happy to hear your thoughts on the subject).
Well personally I'd query whether anyone deserved to be tortured? Torture is rarely an effective intelligence gathering tool and, quite frankly, even if it were it is surely barbaric and something that all people who claim to be civilised should abhor (no matter what Jack Bauer says).
What exactly is "the moral high ground"?
The ability to turn around to your opponant and say we are better than you because we won't torture our enemies, we won't rape their wives or eat their children.
In practice, can a government protect all its citizens at all times? Of course not. However, at the very least, I think it is imperative that we have equal protection under the law. There is a difference between a government failing to protect its citizens due to limited resources and a government specifically singling out citizens to die for the "good" of the "whole." Otherwise, what's next? In times of great famine, shall the government also be permitted to determine which citizens shall be cannibalized and turned into soylent green?
As I've said before. If there were a virulant plague, and the government (any government) did not have the vaccine for eveyone, then any government will make decisions over who gets it and who doesn't.
I suspect you're largely right. However, what of the lazier, more reluctant members of the Royal Family? If they refuse to cooperate, will the government go to their houses with guns and force them to surrender their lives for the greater good? Somehow, I suspect the government's outlook would become far less utilitarian in such circumstances.
Why? In the same situation the government's outlook would be little different. If it's kill the queen or kill humanity do you really think Green's decision would have been different? The only differences are that the Queen would have better protection than the average 10 year old (although you never know in this day and age) but also that the queen would be capable of making the decision to sacrifice herself, something a child cannot do.
Do you seriously think that Jack wouldn't have sacrificed himself instead if that were possible? We've already got at least a couple clear examples of Jack risking his life to save others, such as when he went up against that giant death-shadow monster in "End of Days." Or, for a pre-immortality example, he was quite eager to put himself on the front lines fighting the Daleks in "The Parting of the Ways."
"It's ok," said the indestructable Jack. "I'll handle this!"