It is an interesting question though. When does ethics allow us to interfere and when not?
Are we allowed to interfere when we discover an alien species that condones slavery, and has done so for thousands of years? Are we allowed to interfere if we discover a primitive human tribe (that up until now lived in complete isolation and autonomy) that does so? I can't really think of a valid reason why the answer would be 'no' in the first circumstance, and 'yes' in the second …. (save perhaps for reasoning like 'the aliens form a sovereign political power and territory whereas the humans were discovered in country x and hence fall under their jurisdiction and their laws', which still feels a bit hollow to me).
As for that stratopod…. I'd like to think that metaphasic shielding, as invented by that Ferengi Reyga, and also advances in construction, further augmented by Borg technology as used in the Delta Flyer would be some steps along the way towards eventually creating an equivalent Starfleed pod. But even those steps are 200 years after Archer's time.
Yeah I would love to think somewhere along the line we can get a sun cruiser that could dive into a sun and study it from the inside.