I thought Brent Spiner was deliberately suggesting that Data had seemingly begun learning how to have emotions without the emotion chip in place.
I actually addressed this to some degree in
A Time for War, a Time for Peace when Captain Go is conducting an inspection of the
Enterprise and its crew, and she's interviewing Data. Here's the exchange following her showing Data his confrontation with Hobson in "Redemption Part 2":
"You snapped at Lieutenant Commander Hobson."
"Yes. Mr. Hobson was questioning my orders and obstructing our attempts to expose the cloaked Romulan ships. I have observed that in similar situations, the commanding officers under whom I have served will often speak in that tone in order to make their displeasure clear and to goad their subordinates into action."
"Yes, but didn't those commanding officers do so out of frustration and anger?"
Data considered the point. "I did not feel anger, but my efforts to expose the Romulan fleet were being frustrated."
Go curled half her mouth in a smirk. "Now you're piddling over semantics."
"The choice of the word 'frustration' was yours, Captain."
"True." Go picked up her other padd and made more notes. "You've given me a great deal more food for thought than I was expecting from this interview, Mr. Data. However, for what it's worth, you've made it clear to me at least that you're going to make a fine first officer."
"Thank you, Captain."
Go stared at him. "Okay, that sounded like a prideful expression of gratitude. But you don't feel pride."
"I do, however, recognize the praise for what it is, Captain."
Before Data could continue the thought, Go said, "And you tailored your reaction to how you've observed others reacting to similar praise?"
"Yes, Captain."
Shaking her head, Go said, "You remind me of my daughter. My husband and I always make it a point to be polite around her. She's growing up to be the most well-mannered child in her class. Response to stimulus."