Poor writing indeed, but I was referring more to the writers misconception that 'bigger=better' (which is total nonsense).
If anything, Trek illustrated time and again, that with technical efficiency you can build overwhelmingly powerful things in small packages.
Osayra was using photon torpedoes against both Booker's ship and the Kweijan (planet), and Earth ships used Quantum torpedoes.
Long story short: the writers are stupidly unimaginative when it comes to technological advancement.
In essence, its as if nothing has really changed in 930 years (or 810 years - post Voyager) and things remained 'static' (which is again total nonsense).
The Federation should have been building Dyson Swarms (or full blown Spheres) by the 24th century around every Federation member planet star and become a Type III civilization by the 32nd century and gone extragalactic... alas, its as if no real advancement occurred.
It was mentioned that Osayra was able to determine where Discovery can jump to by analyzing their previous jumps from Kweijan (Sanctuary episode).
It's the 32nd century for crying out lout... why doesn't Discovery regularly implement dampening fields during potentially dangerous situations to prevent hostile beam-ins? Heck, why didn't SF ships use this policy as far back as the 24th century when their enemies did on oh so many occasions?
We've also seen automatic forcefields going up to contain intruders frequently in the 24th century onboard Federation ships... even, in the 23rd (before jumping to the 32nd), Disco was able to project forcefields around that mushroom parasite in engineering. section.
You'd think force fields would automatically pop up around any and all 'intruders' as they beam in... rendering them useless.
These 'too easy to capture' scenarios just end up going on my nerves every time I see them.
Why bother with repairing the shields manually?
Its the 32nd century... we've seen regenerative shield capabilities since the 24th century... automation would have repaired the shields much faster (heck the Nova class was able to bring its shields to 100% just by dropping them for 45 seconds and recharging the emitters - the Intrepid class [aka Voyager] was able to boost its shields by initiating a power boost from the main deflector - these are just 2 examples... you'd think these techniques would have been radically improved upon in the proceeding 810 years to the point where things like spatial anomalies and radioactive nebulae wouldn't pose a threat at all).
Furthermore, why aren't Discovery's shields adaptive to prevent the nebula radiation?
Crews were able to modify/adapt the shields to virtually endless situations in past shows... here they are just mucking about as if no one knows how to work anything and as if technology regressed (even though its 'supposed to have advanced as pointed out time and again' - so technically speaking, the shields should have been upgraded to be adaptive to wide range of scenarios, or the shields would progressively adapt pretty much like the Borg did).