Sorry, I wasn't clear. I mean, do Vulcans call their planet's soil "vulcan" too, for instance?
Maybe some of them do. I mean, it's not true of all "earth" cultures to equate the common word for soil with the planet (it's true in Greek and the Romance languages, but not so in other Indo-European languages from what I can see). It kind of has to do with the development of the idea of the Earth as a planet and not just a collection of material. Was Gaia the Goddess of Earth or the Goddess of the Land? Is there a difference?
Vulcan has three non-canon names: T'Khasi, Minshara, and Ti-Valka'in (presumably the origin of our adaptation of the word Vulcan to their panet, and the Klingons use of the word vulqan).
The use of "T'" or "Ti-" implies a feminine quality, from what we know of the predominant Vulcan culture's naming policy. The fan-created Vulcan Language Institute doesn't mention the latter two names (they are relatively new in the literature), but it states that T'Khasi is an ancient word of unknown etymology. The word for soil is solek, the word for desert is eshikh, the word for rock is kov. Which means that this guy is their version of The Rock.