It's part of Star Trek's legend. Probably, the best thing Star Trek ever did was sell its own hype as well as it did. "Utopia", "visionary", "progressive", "scientific", "realistic", "inspired real life technology"....
Fans genuinely believe it, and what's more, the general reputation of the show supports it. Articles trip over each other to talk about the special vision of the future......The downside is that new Trek is held to an impossible standard which its predecessors never actually achieved. The mycelium network is 'magic' but Q violating the basic laws of the universe is science. Vision Culber is absurd but interactive visions of dead Trill hosts is science. Tyler/Voq is ridiculous but minds in and out of android bodies is pure hard science.
As for the humanist philosophy of Star Trek, however you express it - "your enemy is the same as you", "be who you say you are going to be", etc - well, Discovery has that just as much as Trek ever did. Just last week we had a whole "unity and peace with your enemies" sequence in the mirror universe of all places. I anticipate that being the solution to the Klingon war.
All of that has been done one way or another in Trek before. That's what Trek has always done, dressing up fantasy concepts in a pseudoscience wrapper. Discovery is no different.