This (and many other posts on this thread) completely misses the point that Oh and her fleet went back to Romulan space with the understanding she'd be safe there.What exactly would be the purpose of going to war with the Romulan Free State? Or the endgame goal?
The Federation knows that the Mars Attack was masterminded by Nedar under her "Oh" alias, and that it was the product of a small conspiracy within the Tal Shiar called the Zhat Vash. The Federation can reasonably demand that the Free State extradite Nedar and other Zhat Vash members, but what can it reasonably demand beyond that? The Mars Attack took place under the Star Empire, and the Star Empire is gone. The Romulan people have sundered into multiple competing states.
I mean, seriously, what's the Federation gonna do? Invade the Free State? Occupy New Romulus? What's the end game here?
Just ask the United States how well that strategy has worked out in Afghanistan.
It doesn't matter which Romulan faction holds Oh. The Fed's within their rights to go in and take her out, like the US operation in Pakistan against bin Laden. Whether the Romulans consider that an act of war is up to the Romulans, but if they do consider it an act of war then bluntly they shouldn't have been harboring Oh.
If a Romulan representative accompanied Riker in the season finale (think how Korrd ordered Klaa to stand down in Star Trek 5), denounced Oh as a traitor that destroyed the Romulan people, and told Oh she was disavowed and ordered her to the surrender to the Federation, and more importantly said that she had no safe haven in Romulan space to harbor her, we wouldn't be having this discussion and there wouldn't be any talk of war.
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