If I could've created the show here are some things I would have done or done differently:
-Named it Star Trek: Phoenix. I wouldn't have gotten into the canon kerfuffle with an S.S. Enterprise before THE Enterprise we all knew. That being said, for show names, Phoenix if it takes place before the Romulan War. And Star Trek: Federation if it takes place after the war. (That being said, if the studio insisted on using the name Enterprise, I would've liked using the USS Enterprise XCV 330 as the hero ship).
-I didn't like the NX-class at first, but it grew on me over time, but still I might had something that didn't look as futuristic as it did. And I would've had Daedalus-class ships on the show, not as the hero ship, but they would be there when scenes required some more ships. I also would've used the XCV 330 ships. I also spread some of the design aesthetics we came to know to various worlds, like having one race using saucer-hull ships, another with the familiar nacelles, etc. so that the Federation ships, including Enterprise 1701 and other ships for example is an amalgamation of various influences to reflect how the various worlds came together to form the Federation. (For the Federation idea, I would have shown all kinds of alien vessels that made up Starfleet, not just the style we are familiar with).
-Made the crew all human for the Phoenix idea. I would've tried to show how the 'human adventure is just beginning'.
Jolene Blalock could still be on the show as a human who lived on Vulcan and had adopted Vulcan philosophy. (For the Federation idea, I would have a ship that is crewed by various members of the fledgling Federation and show them working through their cultural differences as well as exploring and defending the Federation).
-Mayweather would have had more to say and add as a Boomer, bringing that experience in. He also might have some disagreements, and sparks with Science Officer Sato (though I might change the roles here and have Sato as the Boomer and Mayweather as the science officer). Blalock would be the communications officer/anthropologist/linguist who has spent time on various alien worlds, and doesn't mesh well with Trip (who largely stays the same). Not sure if I would give the captain the same conflict with the Vulcans that Archer had (or just change the cause of it, or deepen it). Though if I did, he would not always be right and the Vulcans would not always be wrong or jerks, and that over time he would learn to appreciate some of what they said and how they approached things. Also, if the captain had issues with Vulcans, I could see Blalock being their advocate, and their pick to be his first officer, and United Earth conceding to that, which already sets their relationship up for fireworks. He would develop an empathy. Reed would be a MACO and Section 31 from jump. Harris would have been on the show earlier.
-I would've built on the idea I read about that the captain and Mayweather were closer. Perhaps the captain and one of Mayweather's parents served together. I would have put a war in the captain's past. Perhaps with the Nausicaans or Kzinti, so he's got some scars-mental and physical.
-Beefed up the Terra Prime idea. They would have been recurring villains in the show. I would've showed a more complex, complicated view of humans.
-No Starfleet in Phoenix. I liked the idea that Starfleet came from all the different worlds coming together, as opposed to it already being an Earth thing that others just joined.I liked the idea of the United Earth Stellar Navy from Star Trek: The Beginning idea and would've used something similar. So you have this issue of the more military approach versus the science approach and the state of the art S.S. Phoenix is where this conflict will play out. It's a mix of soldiers and scientists.
-I would have kept diversifying the Trek leads, perhaps with a Latino captain (Benjamin Bratt or Jimmy Smits perhaps?), and diversified the crew more. I also would have expanded the roles for the ensemble cast. I would not have emulated the TOS Big Three.
-I would not have had the Klingons in the series, except maybe in the series finale and dealing with a disastrous first contact with them.
-For the Phoenix idea, the Andorians would be the recurring antagonists until the Romulan War and eventually become frenemies and then allies. I would have kept Shran the same. Instead of Future Guy, it's the Romulans behind the scenes and they are using the Nausicaans or Syndicate as their henchmen, instead of the Suliban. The Romulans are also manipulating the Xindi, Vulcans, and maybe even some humans.
-For either the Phoenix or Federation idea, I would have had more Tholians, Nausicaans, Syndicate, and if able, the Kzinti.
-For the Phoenix idea, I would begin the series a few years closer to the Romulan War, and build up to that. However, I might not do multiple seasons of the war, but instead do a two to four hour special that focuses on the war and then the following season pick up after the war is over.