Continued:
For instance: Star Trek never unambiguously established its calendar date until the end of TNG's first season. TOS references had suggested it was 200 or so years in the future, and the movies had established that it was in the 23rd century, but the precise date was unclear and references were conflicting.
The opening credits of
Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan say:
OPENING CREDITS
IN THE 23RD CENTURY...
The 23rd century would formally and officially last from AD 2201 to 2300. And it is possible that the events of WOK do happen in the 23rd century between AD 2201 to 2300. But it is possible that "in the 23rd century" refers to the fictional date of the Kobayashi Maru simulation, set in a hypothetical future where Saavik is the captain, which could be as much as 40 years in the future of the main events of WOK. Thus it is possible that the simulation is supposed to be in 2201 to 2300, and that WOK actually happens in 2161 to 2290, a date range that is only partially in the 23rd century, with "Space Seed" happening sometime between 2145 and 2275.
If WOK does happen sometime between AD 2201 and 2300, "Space Seed" would happen sometime between 2185 and 2285, and so might still happen before the 23rd century.
Some versions of
Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home open with:
Captain's log, stardate 8031 in the twenty-third century. As commanding officer of the U.S.S. Enterprise, I look back on our most recent adventure and realise I could not have asked for a more dependable ship or dedicated crew. Chekov, Doctor McCoy, Uhura, Scotty, Sulu, and our late comrade, Spock, whose heroic sacrifice in our last mission is now deeply felt. Our ship and our lives have been endangered by an experimental project called Genesis designed to bring new life to barren moons. We sent Spock's body there to rest in peace.
Others open with:
"The cast and crew of Star Trek wish to dedicate this film to the men and women of the spaceship Challenger whose courageous spirit shall live to the twenty-third century and beyond...."
OPENING CREDITS
They later travel to the second half of the 20th century (1951-2000) in their calendar, which is not necessarily our calendar.
When they discuss re crystallising dilithium crystals:
SCOTT: Sorry, sir. We can't even do that in the twenty-third century.
So the year they came from should be between 2201 and 2300 in the calendar used in the year they come from, which might not be our calendar. So (2201 to 2300) minus (1951 to 2000) makes a difference of 201 to 349 years.
Kirk tells Gillian:
KIRK: Ha, ha, ha... Okay, the truth. ...I am from what, on your calendar, would be the late twenty-third century. I've come back in time ...to bring two humpback whales with me in an attempt to ...repopulate the species.
If Kirk comes from a year between 2201 and 2300 in his calendar, that is also between 2251 and 2300 in what Kirk thinks is Gillian's calendar, then the year one in Gillian's calendar should be between 99 years before the year one in Kirk's calendar and 49 years after year the one in Kirk's calendar.
Back in Kirk's era, Gillian says:
GILLIAN: You're going to your ship. I'm going to mine. Science vessel. I've got three hundred years of catch-up learning to do.
If Gillian's 300 years might be 250 to 350 years, or 200 to 400 years, that would fit in quite well with the 201 to 349 years calculated above for the time difference.
So there were two schools of thought in fandom and tie-in literature about when TOS took place. Some tie-in writers and fans put it in the first decade of the 23rd century (the closest they could get to the "200 years" references in season 1), while others put it in the 2260s, exactly 300 years ahead of when it was made. At the time, I was a proponent of the 2200s theory, because I based my personal version of the chronology on a fanzine article that used that theory (I later found it was based on the Star Trek Spaceflight Chronology published in 1980).
Back in the 1980s, I was aware of several different competing chronologies.
I myself worked out an unpublished chronology that put TOS sometime in the period of 2156 to 2196 if I remember correctly.
The
Star Trek Spaceflight Chronology (1980) put TMP in 2215 if I remember correctly, which would put TOS about 2210.
The FASA games were said to use a similar chronology, putting TOS in 2207-2212, TMP in 2217, WOK in 2222, etc.
William Rotsler's
Star Trek II Biographies put WOK in 2222, thus putting "Space Seed" in 2207.
Star Trek: An Analysis of a Phenomenon in Science Fiction (1968) had a timeline that put TOS in the 2250s, if I remember correctly.
Works in
Star Trek technical fandom, such as
Starfleet Medical Reference Manual (1977) and
Star Trek Maps (1980), etc., etc., put TOS in the early, repeat early 2260s, and thus less, repeat less, than 300 years after TOS was originally broadcast.
As far as I remember, I never noticed any chronology back in the 1980s that dated TOS to 2266-2269, 300 years after it was originally broadcast. If you know of any chronology from the 1980s that dated TOS to 2266-2269, 300 years after it was originally broadcast, let us know about it.
But then TNG aired "The Neutral Zone" and said the date of the episode was 2364. And we'd seen at the start of the season that Admiral McCoy was 137, so he wouldn't even have been born yet in the 2200s. So that one throwaway line in one episode required me to rewrite my entire personal chronology (in pencil and paper) and add 60 years to all the dates. I had to do that many times in the years that followed, reworking my interpretation of the Trek universe to fit the new information that the shows kept revealing. An active canon is a work in progress, always expanding and changing how you see it. Only a completed canon, one that has no new stories being told, can be expected to remain constant.
Publicity materials said that TNG would be in the 24th century, and thus sometime between 2301 and 2400 in the calendar used.
In "Encounter At Farpoint":
DATA: No, sir. Starfleet class of '78. Honours in probability mechanics and exobiology.
In "Datalore":
DATA: I was discovered twenty six years ago.
Assuming that Data graduated from Starfleet Academy 0.0 years after being found, in year __78.0 to __79.0, and that was 26.0 to 27.0 years before "Datalore", "Datalore must happen between __04.0 and __06.0 in the next century after being found, according to the calendar in which Data graduated in __78.
In "Datalore" Data says how long it took him to become a lieutenant commander:
DATA: If you get one the way I did, Lore, it will mean four years at the Academy, another three as ensign, ten or twelve on varied space duty in the lieutenant grades.
So Data became a lieutenant commander about 13.0 to 17.0 years after graduating in __78.0 to __79.0, and thus in the period from __91.0 to __96.0 of the century he graduated in, according to the calendar in which Data graduated in __78. Thus "Datalore" could happen sometime between __91.0 and the end of the century he graduated in, according to the calendar in which Data graduated in __78.
So if the first season of TNG happens in the 24th century of the calendar that Data used in "Encounter At Farpoint" it should happen either in the period 2301.0 to 2306.0 or the period 2391.0 to 2400.99, according to the calendar in which Data graduated in __78.
In "The Neutral Zone" Data told Ralph Offenhouse:
DATA: By your calendar two thousand three hundred sixty four.
So according to Ralph Offenhouse's calendar from centuries earlier, the year would be between 2364.0 and 2364.99. If "The Neutral Zone" happens in the period 2301.0 to 2306.0 in the calendar from "Encounter At Farpoint" that calendar would have a year one 58.0 to 63.99 years
after the year one in Ralph Offenhouse's calendar. If "The Neutral Zone" happens in the period 2391.0 to 2400.99 in the calendar from "Encounter At Farpoint" that calendar would have a year one 26.01 to 36.99 years
before the year one in Ralph Offenhouse's calendar.
So even if Data did not say that Ralph Offenhouse used a different calendar, it is clearly impossible for the "Encounter At Farpoint" calendar and Ralph Offenhouse's calendar to have the same year one.
Picard tells the unconscious Clare Raymond:
PICARD: Welcome to the twenty fourth century.
And tells Ralph Offenhouse:
PICARD: This is the twenty fourth century. Material needs no longer exist.
So according to the calendar that Picard used in "The Neutral Zone", the year would be sometime between 2301.0 and 2400.99. So the year zero in Picard's calendar could be from 36.99 years before the year zero in Ralph Offenhouse's calendar to 63.99 years after the year zero in Ralph Offenhouse's calendar.
In later seasons the dates used were more and more consistent with Ralph Offenhouse's calendar until almost every single date in later shows and movies was probably intended to be a date in Ralph Offenhouse's calendar.
So the makers of TNG probably thought that they retconning the series and showing that all dates had always been given in Ralph Offenhouse's calendar. But what they actually did was show Starfleet officers aboard the
Enterprise changing the calendar and year count they used, presumably because the United Earth Government had adopted a new official calendar.
I always assumed that when the three undead returned to Earth they became celebrities in whatever TNG media corresponds to TV and the internet, and the millions of people who wanted to make Ralph Offenhouse's calendar the official Earth calendar took advantage of that and lobbied hard for it, and so the United Earth government made the calendar that had been used when Ralph, Clare, and Sonny were previously alive the new official Earth calendar, to make them feel more at home.
And after seeing a change in Earth calendar happen in TNG I went back and looked at TOS and found that characters used several different calendars in TOS.
That assumes that things remain constant. As I said, the only way things will remain constant is if the story is over, if no new information is being added by new stories. As long as new stories are being told, that's going to change your perception of the universe. The Wrath of Khan changed our perception of Kirk by making him a father. TNG changed an ambiguous future time frame to an unambiguous one.
No, as I have shown above, TNG kept the future time frame ambiguous because there is no proof that any calendar used in TNG is our Gregorian calendar.
DS9 retconned the Ferengi from a lame military threat to a bunch of comedy capitalists
No, the Ferenghi were not a lame military threat in the first place. "The Battle" showed that a Ferengi ship was a formidable threat to a starship, and "Rascals" showed that Ferengi plotters could somehow manage to capture the
Enterprise using two old Klingon birds of prey. Of course Ferengi who served on warships were unusual Ferengi, just as starship crews were unusual Humans, etc. DS9 showed a small group of Ferengi living on DS9 outside Ferengi space and society, and a small group of visitors from Ferenginar, neither group being very representative of Ferengi society as a whole, which no doubt is very greedy and capitalistic, but possibly to a significantly greater or lesser degree than the unusual Ferengi in DS9 are.
ENT retconned Kirk's Enterprise from the first starship of its name to the second, and radically altered our perception of Vulcan history.
Whenever "Remember Me" is viewed:
CRUSHER: That sounds about right. Computer, is there more than one USS Enterprise?
COMPUTER: This vessel is the fifth starship to bear the name USS Enterprise. It is currently the only one in service.
And whenever "Trials and Tribble-ations" is viewed:
DULMUR: Be specific, Captain. Which Enterprise? There've been five.
LUCSLY: Six.
SISKO: This was the first Enterprise. Constitution class.
So people constantly continue to be reminded that there have been only six United Federation of Planets Starfleet starships named
Enterprise: 1) NCC-1701, 2) NCC-1701-A, 3) NCC-1701-B, 4) NCC-1701-C, 5) NCC-1701-D, and 6) NCC-1701-E, up until the era of the TNG movies.
The
Enterprise NX-01 is an Earth Starfleet starship, not a United Federation of Planets Starfleet starship. Counting NX-01 as the first starship
Enterprise is like counting apples and oranges together as fruit. One might almost as well count the
Enterprise XCV 330, the space shuttle, and all the sailing ships named
Enterprise.
Even without contradiction, the information added in new stories alters the context of the things we think we know, and that can require us to change some of the assumptions we've made.
Tie-ins are speculative stories based on the knowledge and assumptions that their writers have about canon at the time. They're best guesses based on what we know. Tie-in authors like me can't predict what new ideas future writers of canon will come up with. So often the canonical stories that get told later on will contradict our guesses. So even if the books we wrote were consistent with the continuity that existed at the time (as they're required to be by the studio), they can still be contradicted by new continuity that's added later. An active continuity is always growing and changing.
That is true.