In the light of present world events , it would be interesting to see a story where a planet votes to leave the Federation.
Roddenberry torpedoed just such a story in TNG. "It would never happen" said the Great Bird.

(I forget the story. It became a struggle to leave another government.)
How much of Kirk's pitch to the Organians was propaganda? Kor is ruthless but there is a war and the planet is strategically important. We can't necessarily extrapolate to inside the Klingon border.
I'd say none of it is propaganda for two reasons: 1) Kirk claims he is an eye-witness to Klingon worlds. We're supposed to take Kirk at his word. And 2) We see Kor employ the exact methods that Kirk described.
I'm always sickened by the ending where "it's all OK because no-one really died, so Kor is fine." It doesn't change that he thought he was having hundreds of Organians killed. He didn't threaten it, he carried it out.
The Klingons started out as an occupying empire obviously styled after the Soviet Union to at least a degree. Throughout TOS they were treacherous and expansionist. (They HAVE never been trustworthy. Day of the Dove is an exception. OK, ALMOST never.) Then as we moved into TNG and with the evolving metaphor of the Empire taking on the real world glasnost they became merely hot-headed biker vikings. We never saw any of the member worlds of the Empire. It became all about Qo'noS. Hence in TUC if Qo'noS then the Klingons are dying.
Another plot point in TUC that bugged the daylights out of me was people kept talking about "mothballing the fleet". Even given the (mostly incorrect) argument that Starfleet is ENTIRELY a defensive operation, there are other reasons to keep a defensive fleet. With TUC being rather transparently based on real world events the United States was making some reductions in force with the dissolution of the USSR, but hardly "mothballing the fleet".
To the topic at hand (the dinner scene) I always felt that it made the Klingons look more foolish than it intended. TUC takes a lot of short cuts (in a very J.J. Abrams manner). There feel like a lot of places where the script had a scratched in note "So and so says something offensive or ignorant" and when they went back to fill in the actual dialog they didn't get much past the temporary note. The two knuckledraggers in the transporter room are a good example. "They all look alike." Ohhhhh. They must be RACIST. The fact that the performers are terrible makes it worse.
The whole debate of the word "inalienable" and "human rights" is clumsy at least. If Azetbur was meant to be a more ignorant character then I might buy it. As it is she comes of as being offended because she wants to be offended. I also don't see Chekov using the word "human" in this context.
The only moment that really lands is Kirk and Chang and "Earth, Hitler, 1938." (Kirk must have been doing some studying since City on the Edge of Forever.)
Oh, and to take it full circle, I hate it when Klingons are discussed in terms of "race". They are an entire culture and government behaving in ways inimical to the Federation's interests and ideals. If they were blue eyed blonds from Space Kansas the relationship would not be any different. (OK, the original TOS Fu Manchu makeup might not have helped.)
TUC always felt like one or two drafts away from being the perfect Star Trek movie. And the dinner scene (and the heat seeking torpedo) are probably the most emblematic of this.