Though the ringship Enterprise sparked this thread, my alternate universe head-canon version of it would have been a little different. Something closer to the
Babylon 5 explorer ships with ringship warp rings and maybe a
The Martian heavy NASA look about it.
I picture a long spindle-like ship with different
sections far apart for easy jettisoning in case of emergency and to guard from nuclear and warp radiation.
Deflector Assembly: this first iteration of the technology is a large and bulky spear at the tip of the ship. It serves double duty as the main communications array, and can be used by the adjacent lab section for research.
Labs: Zero-G, or a small ring of spinning ones.
Habitat: One or two large spinning rings including bridge, crew quarters, bathrooms, mess, gym, and maybe labs. Windows.
Shuttle bay: A small shuttle bay, maybe two shuttles, two work pods, and some EV suits.
Large Bio Storage: Food, water, air, toilet paper, etc.
Matter/Anti-Matter Reactor: Radiation suits all around. Maybe no one in it while in use.
FTL Engines: One or three large rings, maybe a glowing effect from them or energy effect in middle. Maybe absolutely nothing and they might as well look like more storage canisters.
Large Fuel Storage: Long tanks for FTL engines, follows by longer thanks for sublight engines.
Fusion Reactor: Engineering suits only.
Sublight Engines: early impulse engines look almost hot rod and
oversized compared to streamlined later ones.
EDIT: forgot
weapons. Weapons, if any this early on in space exploration, could be one large ship to
ship laser, a couple of dorsal and ventral anti-ballistic little laser quad turrets, and some ballistic nukes where the labs used to be or in another section added to the long spindle structure. These would all be mostly add-ons once they discover, and have bad experiences with, the Kzinti or Orions or Nauusicans.
EDIT: forgot deflector! The earliest warp ships absolutely need deflector dishes. A separate
Bussard Collector – independent of the warp ring assembly – I could go either way on.