We are at a point of Trek being so out of step with the real world tech that we might be sitting watching Trek episodes 30 yrs from now with a Data level android sitting there watching with us. It is the opposite with Warp Speed. That seems like an innovation that will occur way past 2063 (if ever) whereas Data (C3PO, Hal 9000) level AI might well be before 2063. Certainly long, long before the 24th Century.
The easiest Retcon is to say that all augmentations of human capacity, and AIs and robots with enhanced abilities, were banned at the same time genetic augmentation was. I dont see how else you get there with what we are seeing today. The research is stopped cold. Airiam and Geordi, you can rationalize as being for medical reasons. Whereas elective cybernetic enhancements are not allowed.
If you ask for your healthy, functional arms to be cut off so they can give you bionic ones with enhanced capability, that request would be denied. Of course, with 3D printing, you could repair without enhancement. Geordi could have organic eyes that are only as good as normal healthy human eyes. But lets give them that one. It would also help explain the black market in Borg implants. The Feds ban elective cybernetic enhancements, but you can find them illicitly on the black market, the same way Mr and Mrs Bashir did with genetic enhancements for Jr.