you have to understand the use of ration: in military service you have a ration for everything for example in the modern day military u have a meal ration card : this is only meaning tou have the ability to consime meals while there is a cost aquaited to the meal its an accounting cost not a real
cost same for tobacco and liquor over sea on ship rationing is important because of limitd resource over all rationing in general is not a money thing but an accounting thing :book keeping and accou ting are very different even in a no money exonomy logistic accounting would have to be huge...
I recommend that you review the early episodes of
Voyager. The reason they ended up using replicator rations as a form of shipboard currency is because they had to conserve energy for more essential systems. That's why Neelix became the cook and turned Janeway's private dining room into a galley, and every crewmember was allotted a set number of replicator rations (per week or per month... I don't think the series ever specified that). Every so often someone would bemoan having to eat leola root stew because they were "out of replicator rations" and there were references to Tom Paris taking bets on various things, and the currency used was replicator rations. I assume the computer kept track of everyone's current tally of replicator rations and once that tally reached 0, that was it.
I really couldn't care less what goes on with RL ships. We're talking about a TV show, and I'm giving my views on that.
I think it can safely be said that the idea of the Federation (or at least Earth) not using a currency-based economy was not part of the original plan, but once introduced, was used with near-100% consistency.
Except it wasn't. They do have a currency-based economy (otherwise how could Beverly have bought that cloth on Farpoint Station?). What they don't have, except in frontier regions, places where they deal with cultures who have different economies, and of course the underground economy, is
cash.
As far as previous references go, they seem to be able to be chalked up to figurative expressions, or Starfleet having ways of paying for goods when dealing with people who do work with currency (like how the DS9 crew had a way to pay Quark in latinum when they ate at his bar).
There's a lot that goes on at Quark's that pertains to an underground economy - under the table and untraceable - so of course they would need some sort of cash. In this case, it happened to be slips/strips/bars of gold-pressed latinum.
Was it just a plot point in The Voyage Home and then TNG took it and ran with it?
I think so, although someone evidently didn't get that memo in "Encounter at Farpoint." But somewhere along the line, "we don't use money" was interpreted not as "we don't use cash" (which is what I think Kirk meant), but as "we get everything free, thanks to our Almighty Replicators."
Well, maybe Picard gets everything free, but there are people on Earth (including his own brother) who don't have replicators, so how do they get their goods and services? The barter system?
What would stop them from just replicating money? Imagine Voyager enters a system that does use currency. Let's say, Neelix gets his hands on some local money, goes back to the ship, makes more and then goes back to buy what they need. Unethical? It would still be money.
Unethical? Yep. But I do recall reading in one novel that this was how things were handled in situations when the crewmembers were beaming down to a planet where the Prime Directive applied. Someone was told to find a sample of their local currency, bring it back to the ship, and they'd manufacture perfect forgeries for the rest of the landing party to use.