Since when? Subspace radio isn't, and transporters make use of a "subspace domain" of some kind as per "Best of Both Worlds."The beaming technique used by Scotty to get Kirk and Spock to the Narada was a totally different type then the type used to get Scotty and Kirk on the Enterprise. That one didn't require future information.
Yet the laws of physics demand that transporters are limited by the speed of light.
Strictly speaking, they break matter apart and them beam it somewhere else on a carrier wave. Anyway, it's obvious in the Trekiverse that it's possible to move things at FTL velocities without much of a problem, so why not a transporter beam?They convert matter into energy, and beam it at the speed of light to its destination, where it rematerialises.