I think Godzilla: King of the Monsters! is fascinating (it needs the exclamation point to differentiate it from the 2019 Legendary film) because it almost works as a parallel account of the same events viewed from a different perspective. Aside from the occasional scene with Japanese characters speaking in badly dubbed English, and the translation changes you mention (which could perhaps be attributed to Martin's translator being inaccurate), I think the only major contradiction between the two versions is Martin convincing Emiko to make the key decision she makes on her own in the original.
If you own or can get a copy of the Criterion Collection release, it's worth listening to the commentary track for the film. It significantly increased my appreciation for it. I still feel the film is a bit goofy, but at least I gained a better understanding as to why certain choices were made.
I still feel the inserts and such are a bit clumsy, but I saw the original film first, and I suppose I might feel otherwise if I'd seen this one first. And it's obviously a product of its time; they weren't going to insert Burr directly into existing footage.
I don't recall any mention of the translator being inaccurate, but rather that the changes were made specifically to make the film more appealing to an American audience and to accommodate changes in the storyline. As a minor (and somewhat racist) example, in this film a character who's supposed to have died shows up again briefly, on the premise that to American audiences Japanese people would all look alike.
I agree that, as best I can remember, the changes are more omissions that change the nuances of the film than any introduction of contradictions.
Anyway, it was nice to listen to a commentary for a film that I was initially fairly unimpressed by, and have it elevate my opinion. I still prefer the original, but at least I
understand a bit more as to why this exists and what the underlying motivations were.