One wonders if the resistance didn't have an internal rank structure of its own. Not in the early, terrorist cell days of its existence, of course, but perhaps later when the freedom fighters grew bolder and began to operate more openly and aggressively?
There might at least have been a theoretical correspondence between one's position in a resistance cell and one's subsequent militia rank: every cell leader would become a Major, every second-in-command a Captain, every leader of a fighting team a Lieutenant, and any distinguished fighter would get a rank or rating as recommended by the cell leader. That is, every fighter who decided to go for a militia career; most probably didn't.
Whether Bajor had a military caste before the occupation remains unclear. If it did, that caste apparently lost all credibility in the process, and could offer no resistance to the rise of people from other castes to military prominence.
Timo Saloniemi