I think in many series, fighters are largely meant to be the equivalent of modern air superiority units, with their main job being to engage enemy fighters and small craft. They don't attack a capital target unless they have fleet support or there's no alternative, because they're not likely to survive or inflict enough damage to make it worthwhile.
In fact, I'd suggest that this is also true in Star Trek for the most part, and they are typically employed for planetary defense, anti-piracy and the like (which is why the Maquis had access to them) but are rarely used in fleet actions as even if a smaller "target" is required, a runabout can do anything they can do and more while being more inline with Starfleet "military last or never" (depending on who you ask) doctrine.