The Constitution gives the right to peacefully assemble and to petition the government.
Arson, assault and property damage are criminal acts.
Obviously. Also, irrelevant.
My point is that creating a false dichotomy with riot on one side and protest on the other is lazy, black and white thinking. Though often condemnable, riot can be a form of protest, and when studying history we see that it is often an effective one (e.g. Stonewall). "Past Tense" explored the subject of riot thoughtfully and accurately. It presented a scenario in which riot was not only a possibility, but a likely inescapable eventuality, and...effective. It didn't present morally black and white characters in a morally black and white world, but realistic and complex characters in a realistic and complex context. The main players all have moments when they are sympathetic and when they are not, including Sisko.
But above all, the writers asked the most important question (and the one that is most often overlooked in real life):
why? Why did the people riot? In fact, they made this a major plot point: the sanctuary residents had to get online to share their stories so that people on the outside could understand. After all, it is a lot harder to dismiss all rioters as criminals and vandals when one has listened to their perspective.
As I said before, it took a MLK Jr approach. One could plausibly see the a good chunk of the story being inspired by this quote: "But it is not enough for me to stand before you tonight and condemn riots. It would be morally irresponsible for me to do that without, at the same time, condemning the contingent, intolerable conditions that exist in our society. These conditions are the things that cause individuals to feel that they have no other alternative than to engage in violent rebellions to get attention. And I must say tonight that a riot is the language of the unheard. And what is it America has failed to hear?...It has failed to hear that the promises of freedom and justice have not been met. And it has failed to hear that large segments of white society are more concerned about tranquility and the status quo than about justice and humanity."
This is the sort of complexity "Past Tense" explored so well, and the kind of insight lost on anyone who thinks riot and protest are mutually exclusive terms.