I can't really buy this idea that they could realistically mistake one planet for another without at least some questions being asked. Even if prior contact with the system had literally consisted of just the one probe flyby then Kirk's venture there to exile Khan et al, there would still be extensive automated computer records of the physical properties of that planet, it's likely orbital trajectory, atmospheric content, etc. Further to this as the Reliant entered the system she would have full current sensor readings available.
Bear in mind something as small as a ship cannot enter a system unnoticed by other vessels unless cloaked or flying in a deliberate stealth mode, a full run-down of the planetary bodies present would absolutely be available to the starfleet crew, whose very premise is to examine, learn and study every environment they encounter. Their computers are capable of storing every scrap of that sensor data in exacting detail and cross referencing the records and the live data stream. Even if that system is not intelligent enough to actively note and flag up the discrepancies it is being used by a highly trained, intelligent and experienced crew on a scientific mission who would as a matter of course be analysing that data for navigational reasons first, routine exploratory protocols second.
It is simply beyond credibility that they would have failed to notice that the system suddenly had one less planet, one new asteroid field and that the planet they were in orbit of had drastically different physical dimensions, geographical properties and orbital parameters to the one they had on record. Starfleet simply aren't that slapdash.
23rd century astrophysics may well have rendered our own understanding of the universe obsolete, but it seems pretty fair to speculate that the knowledge starfleet have gained would work to their advantage, making such errors even less likely. It may not be easy to predict a planets orbit years in advance but these people are the experts and should at the very least be able to determine that it is in fact way out of position, is much too big or small and has entirely the wrong atmosphere and physical make-up. Not to mention (at the risk of overlabouring the point) there's one missing!
Bear in mind something as small as a ship cannot enter a system unnoticed by other vessels unless cloaked or flying in a deliberate stealth mode, a full run-down of the planetary bodies present would absolutely be available to the starfleet crew, whose very premise is to examine, learn and study every environment they encounter. Their computers are capable of storing every scrap of that sensor data in exacting detail and cross referencing the records and the live data stream. Even if that system is not intelligent enough to actively note and flag up the discrepancies it is being used by a highly trained, intelligent and experienced crew on a scientific mission who would as a matter of course be analysing that data for navigational reasons first, routine exploratory protocols second.
It is simply beyond credibility that they would have failed to notice that the system suddenly had one less planet, one new asteroid field and that the planet they were in orbit of had drastically different physical dimensions, geographical properties and orbital parameters to the one they had on record. Starfleet simply aren't that slapdash.
23rd century astrophysics may well have rendered our own understanding of the universe obsolete, but it seems pretty fair to speculate that the knowledge starfleet have gained would work to their advantage, making such errors even less likely. It may not be easy to predict a planets orbit years in advance but these people are the experts and should at the very least be able to determine that it is in fact way out of position, is much too big or small and has entirely the wrong atmosphere and physical make-up. Not to mention (at the risk of overlabouring the point) there's one missing!