The PIC opener still bothers me more than anything else, it just shouldn't exist.
First season of TNG, Riker says replicated food is made from transporter patterns. Everything should be as good as you put in. It should only be bad if it's poorly programmed, or designed for reasons other than maximum enjoyment. We know that is the case with Troi's Sundae and Scotty's synthahol, both are adulterated for reasons of health. In a moneyless society good patterns should cost nothing, except maybe friendship or membership depending on circumstances.
The Lower Deck's example bothered me too to some extent, but the rationalization for that is easy: people customize their replicators. The officer replicator was better because the officers made it better. Why? My guess is the top officers stick around a long time and make sure to collect good patterns and preserve them. The other replicators? They get switched out and upgraded all the time, the good patterns go with the people who brought them, unless friends made copies before the original person leaves. Boimler should have been able to download all the patterns he liked and spread them to other replicators, because it's not a Ferengi replicator, it won't have DRM.
It would come as no surprise to learn patterns are big enough they can't be transmitted, unless they can be described as a list and ratio of chemicals. Get into the nuance of the results of preparation and you get into trouble.