Touchscreen interfaces are not necessarily more realistic in terms of effective operation particularly in times of action. They can be notoriously over or under sensitive—not a good thing when things get hectic and/or if the lights go out. For the operator you question if anything is actually working unless perhaps you have some sort of haptic response.
Dramatically touchscreens are flat, no pun intended, as there is nothing engaging about someone tapping a flat surface. Hearing and seeing physical switches being manipulated better conveys something actually being done and also offers a dramatic accent or emphasis to the action unfolding onscreen.
When I look at the TOS bridge I see a logic to it. The red on the edges of the consoles are a visual safety cue to edge of the control panels. The red bridge rails are also a safety cue to the edge of the upper platform. The red turbolift door clearly indicates the bridge main access point. The main controls and display screen curve around the operator within easy reach and sight.
It isn’t perfect (nothing is), but it’s well thought out and also works very well dramatically. It’s a wonderful example of when ergonomics began to become a serious element of design, something widely practiced in design of all manner of things today.