It's a good thing we have so many examples here where that scenario workedPosted by Temis the Vorta:
By the time these species had progressed enough in seafaring that they discovered one another, they were all advanced enough to put up a fight and further survive. Okay, for them ALL to evolve at about the same time, to about the same extent, seems pretty implausible, but it isn't completely impossible, is it?

It's not a bad scenario, as long as all of the species evolved at such a rate that they all arrived at a sufficiently-enlightened point at the same time, so that when they encountered one another, they didn't have to dominate one another; it also presupposes that each environment is sufficiently unique that the 'invaders' don't want or need anything in the new land, in which case, why are they there? Scientific knowledge? Pure enlightenment? I'd even buy these, if the Xindi hadn't completed a preemptive strike on an alien species that they had been prophesied would wipe them out in 4 centuries; why would enlightened, cooperative peoples shoot first and only ask questions later, if ever?
Better, but what about their unenlightened charges? Would the caretakers be loved, revered or feared? Would the 'children' ever rebel against even the most well-meaning of overseers? Let's ask humans about the Vulcans after a century of well-meaning oversight ...However, rather than strain the bounds of plausible science, it would be better to come up with more likely scenarios. What if the Xindi System had five planets in the habitable band, close enough to the local star but not too close, and one sentient species arose on each planet independently. By the time the first one developed space travel, they might be enlightened enough not to kill their neighbors, but rather nurture them.

Honestly, I'd be more inclined to accept the "Moreau Hyptothesis," of all of them (though if they were genetically engineering other races for these planets, I'd think they probably would do so to adapt them to the local conditions, rather than engineer them and 'xindiform' the planets as well).We don't know for sure the Xindi are vicious xenophobes; or maybe they are only xenophobic about species outside their system; or maybe the xenophobia is a relatively recent development? If you're thinking, hey wait, life evolving on five planets in ONE system, well we know that Mars and Earth have "traded rocks" in the form of asteroids - maybe life evolved on one planet and eventually made its way to all five?
Or here's a scenario with less plausibility problems: one Xindi species evolved sentience naturally and created the other four, in a Dr. Moreau type scenario. These species might have been engineered expressly to populate neighboring worlds, which had to be terraformed for the purpose.
We can only wait, and cross our fingers; at this point, though, given what we've been told, and who is responsible for this "kewl new idea," I'm less than positive about the outcome.