I guarantee it's SF policy that if a ship can't be salvaged, towed back to base, etc, then it has to be destroyed if the ability to destroy it exists. This would likely involved setting a self destruct that would destroy anything critical. Allowing the enemy open access to all the advanced technology on board would be incomprehensible.
Also, any battlefield with floating derelict ships would be scavenged by...scavengers. The advanced components of the ship could be disastrous to a species unfamiliar with them. That would be another reason to destroy it.
Did anyone collect the dead? They may have gone back for them, and got the telescope then. It could also just be a telescope sent from Georgieu's home on Earth, and not the same one. After all, Saru didn't know about it, neither did Burnham, and one of the 2 was in command of the evacuation.
Also, any battlefield with floating derelict ships would be scavenged by...scavengers. The advanced components of the ship could be disastrous to a species unfamiliar with them. That would be another reason to destroy it.
Did anyone collect the dead? They may have gone back for them, and got the telescope then. It could also just be a telescope sent from Georgieu's home on Earth, and not the same one. After all, Saru didn't know about it, neither did Burnham, and one of the 2 was in command of the evacuation.