The Andromeda Ascendant probably didn't have windows because the show originally strove for scientific plausibility. Windows are likely to be a liability in a battleship, as they could expose the crew to radiation or blinding light from explosions, or just from nearby suns. And they do nothing a viewscreen couldn't do as well. There really wouldn't be much to see out a window in space anyway, since, contrary to the way SFTV/film tends to show things, a spaceship is unlikely to be in naked-eye view of much of anything unless it's orbiting a planet or docking with another ship. It's called "space" for a reason -- things are really far apart. Also, another thing TV and movies usually get wrong is something that should be obvious to anyone who's ever looked out their windows at night: if the lights are on inside, you won't be able to see the stars outside. In a well-lit room, a window looking out into space might as well be a mirror. So there's no point having windows anywhere except a darkened observation lounge. (We saw this recently with the Artemis 2 astronauts turning out the capsule's interior lights so they could photograph the Moon.)
Of course, you could always have high-def video screens showing an enhanced image of what's outside, which would let you see it better than a window could. But there'd be no sign of them on the outer hull.
Of course, fiction has its own demands. Windows on a fictional spaceship are very useful for giving a sense of its scale. If you want to make a model ship look huge, you make the windows proportionally small. And windows create visual interest in interior sets and help remind the audience that the characters are in space (as if they need that). Though it can be taken overboard, as with the modern tendency to put big windows on the fronts of Starfleet bridges, when we managed fine for decades with just viewscreens.
