You know, a thought occurred to me. (What? Why is everybody running away?) It seems the assumption is that exterior illumination would be meant primarily to illuminate the hull, but the Enterprise has windows, such as the four dorsal "skylights". Windows, lit from the interior, have a tendency to become obscured by reflections. Perhaps at least some of the exterior lights are there to make it so you can actually see out?
That's interesting and looks good. You actually see quite a lot.^Well, let's have a look at some real-world examples.
Keep in mind that being in orbit around an Earth-type planet means the ship will be in proximity to a star, which is the only time we'd ever see it lit by a strong key light like they always show in Trek.
You might also be interested in my analysis of reproducing real-world orbital lighting posted here.
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